Term
| general virus characteristics |
|
Definition
| inert 'non-living' outside living host cells, when entering a host cell began replicating and are 'alive' |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the spectrum of host cells the virus can infect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viruses that infect bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete, fully developed, infectious viral particle; nucleic acid + protein coat; different viruses distinguished by different coats |
|
|
Term
| Viruses can be ___________. |
|
Definition
| helical, polyhedral, enveloped, or complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of viruses sharing the same genetic information and ecological niche |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cytopathic effect: when virus infection disrupts the normal linear growth of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derived from tissue slices; only a few generations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developed from embryos; lasts few generations |
|
|
Term
| Virus continuous cell lines |
|
Definition
| derived from transformed/cancerous cells; can be maintained indefinitely |
|
|
Term
| multiplication of viruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how virus enters cell may differ but all use either lytic or lysogenic cycle. (viral reproduction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Attachment
2. Penetration - phage lysosome breaks down cell wall and injects nucleic acids
3. Biosynthesis - uses cell machinery to make viral components but NOT yet put together 'eclipse period' *infective visions not present*
4. Maturation - viral components assembled
5. Release - cell lysis and viruses released |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
does not cause death/lysis of host cell *CAN PROCEED TO LYTIC cycle or incorporate their genetic information into host cell genetic information to start a lysogenic cycle
1. Attachment
2. Penetration - linear phage DNA forms circle inside bacteria
3A. circle can multiply and be transcribed
4A. produces new phages and bacteria lysis
OR
3B. circle recombines with bacterial DNA (prophage: viral DNA inserted into bacterial DNA) * majority of the prophage genes are not expressed
4B. every time bacteria replicates it replicates the prophage
5. a rare spontaneous event (like UV light) 'pops out' the prophage and the lytic cycle begins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the transfer of genes between bacteria through viruses |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Lysogenic bacteria cells CANNOT be infected by the same virus twice. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lysogenic bacteria can exhibit new properties after the prophage insertion |
|
|
Term
| Animal viruses DON'T have tails for cell attachment, but can enter cell by fusing with membrane via viral envelope or enter eukaryotic cells by pinocytosis, DNA viruses attack the nucleus, RNA viruses stay in the cytoplasm, lysogenic viral infections can cause cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA Viruses and RNA Viruses |
|
|
Term
| DNA Viruses: Adenoviruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA Viruses: Herpesviridae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ssRNA viruses can have in their capsize + sense strand (mRNA) or - (antisense) strand (template) to produce + strand |
|
|
Term
| RNA Viruses: Picomaviradae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RNA Viruses: Rhabdoviridae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RNA Viruses: Retroviridae |
|
Definition
| uses reverse transcriptase, HIV/cancer-causing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viral genetic information inserted into Eukaryotic DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a part of the genome that if changed by certain chemicals, high energy, or viruses can cause cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viruses capable of causing cancer |
|
|
Term
| Sarcoma and Adenocarcinoma cancers caused by _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer cells are _________________ and often contain TSTA -tumor specific transplantation antigens on their surface or T antigens in their nucleus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| virus can remain in equilibrium with host and not cause infection for years |
|
|
Term
| Persistent/Chronic Viral Infection |
|
Definition
| occurs gradually over a long period; typically fatal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proteinaceous infectious particles, multiple out of control the form masses taking up space in the brain, covert healthy proteins into prions by touch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short pieces of naked RNA |
|
|
Term
| Some plant diseases caused by _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
