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Chapter 13
Ear
58
Health Care
Undergraduate 4
04/20/2011

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Term
auricle (pinna)
Definition
external structure located on both sides of the head. The auricle directs sound waves into the external auditory meatus.
Term
external auditory meatus (canal)
Definition
short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. The inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax (cerumen).
Term
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Definition
semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory meatus and the middle ear cavity
Term
eustachian tube
Definition
connects the middle ear and the pharynx. It equalizes air pressure on both sides of the eardrum.
Term
ossicles
Definition
bones ofthe middle ear that carry sound vibrations. The ossicles are composed of the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). The stapes connects to the oval window, which transmits the sound vibrations to the inner ear.
Term
labyrinth (inner ear)
Definition
bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull. It contains the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.
Term
cochlea
Definition
is snail-shaped and contains the organ of hearing. It connects to the oval window in the middle ear
Term
semicircular canals and vestibule
Definition
contains receptors and endolymph that help the body maintain its sense of balance (equilibrium)
Term
mastoid bone and cells
Definition
located in the skull bone behind the external auditory meatus
Term
acou/o, audi/o
Definition
hearing
Term
aur/i, aur/o, ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
labyrinth/o
Definition
labyrinth (inner ear)
Term
mastoid/o
Definition
mastoid bone
Term
myring/o
Definition
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Term
staped/o
Definition
stapes (middle ear bone)
Term
tympan/o
Definition
tympanic membrane (eardrum), middle ear
Term
labyrinthitis
Definition
inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear)
Term
mastoiditis
Definition
inflammation of the mastoid bone
Term
myringitis
Definition
inflammation of the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Term
otalgia
Definition
pain in the ear
Term
otomastoiditis
Definition
inflammation of the ear and the mastoid bone
Term
otomycosis
Definition
abnormal condition of fungus in the ear (usually affects the external auditory meatus)
Term
otopyorrhea
Definition
discharge of pus from the ear
Term
otosclerosis
Definition
hardening of the ear (stapes) (caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)
Term
tympanitis
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear (otitis media)
Term
acoustic neuroma
Definition
benign tumor within the auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve. may cause hearing loss.
Term
ceruminoma
Definition
tumor of a gland that secretes earwax (cerumen)
Term
Meniere disease
Definition
chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by dizziness and ringing in the ear and hearing loss
Term
otitis externa
Definition
inflammation of the outer ear
Term
otitis media (OM)
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear
Term
presbycusis
Definition
hearing impairment in old age
Term
tinnitus
Definition
ringing in the ears
Term
vertigo
Definition
a sense that one's own body (subjective vertigo) or the environment (objective vertigo) is revolving. May indicate inner ear disease.
Term
labyrinthectomy
Definition
excision of the labyrinth
Term
mastoidectomy
Definition
excision of the mastoid bone
Term
mastoidotomy
Definition
incision into the mastoid bone
Term
myringoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
Term
myringotomy
Definition
incision into the tympanic membrane (performed to release pus or fluid and relieve pressure in teh middle ear (tympanocentesis)
Term
stapedectomy
Definition
excision of the stapes. (Performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis. The stapes is replaced by a prosthesis).
Term
tympanoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the middle ear
Term
acoumeter
Definition
instrument used to measure (acuteness of) hearing
Term
audiogram
Definition
(graphic) record of hearing
Term
audiometer
Definition
instrument used to measure hearing
Term
audiometry
Definition
measurement of hearing
Term
otoscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
Term
otoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the ear
Term
tympanometer
Definition
instrument used to measure middle ear function
Term
tympanometry
Definition
measurement (movement) of the tympanic membrane
Term
audiologist
Definition
one who studies and specializes in hearing
Term
audiology
Definition
study of hearing
Term
aural
Definition
pertaining to the ear
Term
otologist
Definition
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear
Term
otology
Definition
study of the ear (a branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the ear)
Term
otorhinolaryngologist (ENT)
Definition
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, and larynx (throat) (otolaryngologist)
Term
AOM
Definition

acute otitis media

(abbreviation)

Term
EENT
Definition

eyes, ears, nose, and throat

(abbreviation)

Term
ENT
Definition

ears, nose, throat

(abbreviation)

Term
OM
Definition

otitis media

(abbreviation)

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