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Chapter 12: GI System
Quiz 5: Sept. 22
79
Pharmacology
Professional
09/21/2014

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Cards

Term
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o
Definition
abdomen
Term
an/o
Definition
anus
Term
appendic/o
Definition
appendix
Term
bil/i, chol/e
Definition
bile
Term
bucc/o
Definition
cheek
Term
cheil/o
Definition
lip
Term
col/o, colon/o
Definition
colon
Term
cyst/o
Definition
bladder or sac
Term
dent/i
Definition
teeth
Term
doch/o
Definition
duct
Term
duoden/o
Definition
duodenum
Term
enter/o
Definition
small intestine
Term
esophag/o
Definition
esophagus
Term
gastr/o
Definition
stomach
Term
gingiv/o
Definition
gum
Term
gloss/o, lingu/o
Definition
tongue
Term
hepat/o, hepatic/o
Definition
liver
Term
herni/o
Definition
hernia
Term
ile/o
Definition
ileum
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin
Term
jejun/o
Definition
jejunum (empty)
Term
lith/o
Definition
stone
Term
or/o, stomat/o
Definition
mouth
Term
pancreat/o
Definition
pancreas
Term
peritone/o
Definition
peritoneum
Term
phag/o
Definition
eat or swallow
Term
proct/o
Definition
anus and rectum
Term
pylor/o
Definition
pylorus (gatekeeper)
Term
rect/o
Definition
rectum
Term
sial/o
Definition
saliva
Term
sigmoid/o
Definition
sigmoid colon (resembles)
Term
steat/o
Definition
fat
Term
-emesis
Definition
vomitting
Term
oral cavity or mouth
Definition
cavity that receives food for digestion
Term
salivary glands
Definition
three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: the parotid, the submandibular (submaxillary), and the sublingual glands
Term
cheeks
Definition
lateral walls of the mouth
Term
lips
Definition
fleshy structures surrounding the mouth
Term
palate
Definition
structure that forms the roof of the mouth; divided into the hard palate and the soft palate
Term
uvula
Definition
small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate
Term
tongue
Definition
muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucous membrane and secured by a band-like membrane known as the frenulum
Term
gums
Definition
tissue covering the processes of the jaws
Term
teeth
Definition
hard bony projections in the jaws for masicating (chewing) food
Term
pharynx
Definition
throat; passageway for food traveling to the esophagus and for air traveling to the larynx
Term
esophagus
Definition
muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
Term
stomach
Definition
sac-like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus
Term
cardiac sphincter
Definition
opening from the esophagus to the stomach (sphincter=band)
Term
pyloric sphincter
Definition
opening from the stomach into the duodenum
Term
small intestine
Definition
smaller tubular structure that digests food received from the stomach
Term
duodenum
Definition
first portion of the small intestine
Term
jejunum
Definition
second portion of the small intestine
Term
ileum
Definition
third portion of the small intestine
Term
large intestine
Definition
larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores deces for defecation
Term
cecum
Definition
first part of the large intestine
Term
vermiform appendix
Definition
worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function; may help to resist infection
Term
colon
Definition
portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape
Term
ascending colon
Definition
portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum
Term
transverse colon
Definition
portion of the colon that extends across from the ascending colon
Term
descending colon
Definition
portion of the colon that extends downward from the transverse colon
Term
sigmoid colon
Definition
portion of the colon (resembling an S in shape) that terminates at the rectum
Term
rectum
Definition
distal (end) portion of the large intestine
Term
rectal ampulla
Definition
dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal
Term
anus
Definition
opening of the rectum to the outside of the body
Term
feces
Definition
waste formed by the absorption of water in the large intestine; usually solid
Term
defecation
Definition
evacuation of deces from the rectum
Term
peritoneum
Definition
membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity and consisting of the parietal layer (lining the abdominal wall) and the visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen)
Term
peritoneal cavity
Definition
space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
Term
omentum
Definition
an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs
Term
liver
Definition
organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion
Term
gallbladder
Definition
receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver
Term
pancreas
Definition
gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the deodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food
Term
biliary ducts
Definition
ducts that convey bile; include the hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts
Term
hypochondriac regions
Definition
upper lateral regions beneath the ribs
Term
epigastric region
Definition
upper middle region below the sternum
Term
lumbar regions
Definition
middle lateral regions
Term
umbilical region
Definition
region of the navel
Term
inguinal regions
Definition
lower lateral groin regions
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
region below the navel
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