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| process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene of genes from another strain of bacteria |
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| virus that infects bacteria |
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| monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar,a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
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| principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cyosine |
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| DNA and protein and tightly packed together (found in eukaryotic chromosome) |
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| globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin |
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| copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA |
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| enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA, strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy pf the original DNA |
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| RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins DNA to the rest of the cell |
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| type of RNA that transfers makes up the major part of ribo0somes |
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| type of RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
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| process in which part of the nucleotide is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA |
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| enzyme similar to DNA polymearse that binds to DNA and seperates the DNA strands during transcription |
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| region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bend inorder to make RNA |
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| intervening sequence of DNA; |
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| _________ does not code for protein |
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| expressed sequence of DNA |
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| _________ codes for protein |
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| three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA |
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| _______ codes for single amino acid |
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| decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain |
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| group of three bases on tRNA molecule that are complimentary to an mRNA codon |
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| change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information |
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| mutation that affects a single nucleotide, usually by substituting one nucleotide for another |
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| mutation that shifts the "reading" form of the gentic messages by inserting or deleting a nuclotide |
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| group of genes operating together |
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| region of chromosome in an operon to which the repressor binds when the operon is "turned off" |
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| series of genes that controls the organs and tissues that develop various parts of an embryo |
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