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process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain |
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| virus that infects bacteria |
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| monomer of nucleic acid made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
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| principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine & thymine and between guanine & cytosine |
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| granlar material visable within the nucleus, consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
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| granular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin |
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| copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA |
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| enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA |
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| RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell |
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| type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes |
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| type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
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| process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in RNA |
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| enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds to DNA & separates the DNA strands during transcription |
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| region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA |
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| intervening sequence of DNA that does not code for a protein |
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| expressed sequence of DNA that codes for a protein |
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| three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid |
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| decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain |
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| group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon |
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