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Chapter 12
Voting Elections and Campaigns
22
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
11/23/2008

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Term
Voter Turnout
Definition
-Higher with those interested in politics.
- wealthy are more likely to vote; they believe the system works.
-young voters increasing, but still relatively low.
-whites vote more regularly that blacks.
-blacks vote more than hispanics.
Term
Low voter turnout
Definition
-too busy
-difficulty in registering
-difficulty of absentee voting
-number of elections
-local, state and national level and use of primary elections for selection of candidates
-18 year olds are lesast likely to be registered to vote
Term
Restrospective Voting
Definition
A voter's evaluation of the performance of the part in power
Term
Closed Primary
Definition
A primary election in which only a party's registered voters are eligable to vote
Term
Open Primary
Definition
a primary in which party members, independents and sometimes members of the other party area allowed to vote
Term
Initiative
Definition
An election that allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the state electorate for popular vote
Term
Primaries Vs Caucuses
Definition
States are more likely to use primaries than caucuses
Term
Arguments for Primaries
Definition
-more democratic
-more reporesentative
-rigorous test for the candidate
Term
arguments for caucuses
Definition
-cacus participants more informed;more intereactive and informative
Term
Campaign Manager
Definition
-The head of a political campaign
Term
Communications Director
Definition
The communications director is responsible for a candidate's overall media strategy
Term
Electoral College
Definition
Representatives of Each state who cast the final ballot
Term
Total Number of Electors per State
Definition
Equal to the number of Senators and representatives that states has in the US congress
Term
Electoral College history
Definition
The result of a compromise between Congress vs direct polular election
Term
Electors
Definition
435+100=535+3=358
270 electoral votes needed to win
Term
6th year itch
Definition
tendency for voters to punish the president's party more severely in the 6th year of an 8 year presidency
-also occurs in midterm congressional elections, when president's party usually loses seats in midterms
Term
Inoculation ad
Definition
Advertising that attempts to counteract an anticipated attack from the opposition before the attack is lauched
Term
Rapid Response Techniques
Definition
The formation of prompt and informed responses to changing events on the campaign battlefield
Term
Blogs
Definition
citizens can log onto a candidate's website and engage in a nearly contemporaneous exchange of ideas with other supporters and with the candidate's internet team
Term
McConnell vs FEC
Definition
Concluded that the government's interest in preventing political-party corruption overrides the free speech rights to which the parties would otherwise be entitled
-In other words the Supreme Court very narrowly upheld the BCRA measures restricting speech both in the form of political contributions (the soft-money ban) and in political advertising
Term
Bipartizan Campaign Reform Act 2002
Definition
Legislation that prohibits soft-money contributions to political parties and limits amounts individuals can give
Term
Soft-Money
Definition
The virtually unregulated money funneled by individuals and political committees through state and local parties
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