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| has definite volume and definite shape |
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| the resistance of a liquid to flowing |
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| does not have a definite shape, but has definite volume |
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| the change of a state from a gas to a liquid |
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alters the form of a substance, but not its identity EX: Blending a milkshake * Water vapor in the air turns to liquid water in the form of rain |
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substances combine or break apart to form new substances. EX: Burning Wood |
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the temp. at which a liquid boils * characteristic property that can help tell similar liquids apart. |
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a substance that cannot be broken down chemically into other substances |
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| the measurement of the force of gravity on an object |
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The measurement of how much matter an object contains * volume x density |
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the measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume * Mass Volume |
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Definition
Atoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces In any element, all atoms are exactly alike Atoms of different elements are different Atoms of two or more elements can combine to form compounds Atoms of each element have a unique mass The masses of the elements in a compound are always in a constant ratio |
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| Why study two or three characteristics before identifying a substance? |
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Definition
| Many substances share melting points, boiling points and other properties |
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Definition
| a group of atoms that are joined together and act as a single unit |
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| hold atoms together in a molecule |
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| technique used by miners to separate gold from sand and dirt |
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the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change * Copper can be separated from surrounding material because of this |
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| pure substances formed from chemical combinations of two or more different elements |
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| type of matter that consists of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
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Term
| Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table? |
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Definition
| to the right of the zig zag line |
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Term
| What group contains the most elements? |
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Definition
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| Where are metals located on the periodic table? |
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Definition
| to the left of the zig zag line |
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Term
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Definition
| made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties |
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| Extremely small particles that compose all elements |
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| What element makes up most of the sun? |
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Why can gold be separated easily from its surrounding material? |
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| an electric current breaks the chemical bond that joins a metal and other elements in an ore |
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How did Mendeleev create the first periodic table? |
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Definition
| by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass |
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| What can be predicted from an element's location on the periodic table? |
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What do elements have in common? |
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Definition
| elements have similar properties |
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Term
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Definition
three new elements would be discovered, and described their properties * twenty years later, it came true |
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| What determines how an atom interacts wiht other atmos? |
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Definition
| the number of valence electrons |
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Definition
| have the same number and arrangement of valence electrons |
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| Where are most reactive metals found in the periodic table? |
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Definition
| Group 1, first column on left |
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Definition
have two valence electrons in their atoms |
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| Where are valence electrons located in an atom? |
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Definition
| farthest from the nucleus |
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Term
At room temp what type of elements are gases? |
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Definition
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What shares characteristics with metals and nonmetals? |
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Definition
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What does the row of elements on a periodic table tell you about the elements? |
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Definition
| They are in the same period |
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Term
What do the columns of elements on a periodic table tell you about the elements? |
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Definition
| They are in the same family |
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Term
| On the periodic table what indicates the number of protons in an atom? |
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Definition
| The element's atomic number |
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Term
| What part of an atom moves around the nucleus? |
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Definition
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| What is the atomic number of an element based on? |
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Definition
| the number of protons in the nucleus |
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Definition
Elements that do not ordinarily form compounds |
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Definition
| Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine |
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Term
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| one or two letters that represent each element |
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