Term
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Definition
It is estimated to be about 4.6 billion years old. |
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Term
| How does radiometric dating work? |
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Definition
Radioactive isotopes lose particles. The amount of neutrons that are lost over time equals the age of the item. |
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Term
| What is the half-life of carbon-14? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the first living things on Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the theory of Endosymbiosis? |
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Definition
| The evolution of Eukaryotes |
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Term
When were the 5 major mass extinctions on Earth? Which of them were the two
largest? Which one killed the dinosaurs? What proportion of living organisms were wiped out? |
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Definition
- During the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
- The cambrian explosion, and the permian mass extinction
- The cretaceous mass extinction
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Term
| What were the first vertabrates to evolve? |
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Definition
4-legged animals (amphibians) |
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Term
| What percentage of potassium-40 remains after 2 half-lives? |
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Definition
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Term
| How old are the oldest living fossils found on Earth so far? How old are the first multicellular organisms based on fossil evidence? |
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Definition
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Term
| As the amount of potassium-40 decreases, what happens to the amount of stable isotopes formed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cyanobacteria are thought to be the ancestors of what organelle? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did cyanobacteria change Earth's atmosphere? |
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Definition
Because they are photosynthetic, they reduced the amout of CO2 in the atmosphere and replaced it with oxygen. |
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Term
| What multicellularity? During what period of time did most multicellular organisms appear in the geologic time scale? |
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Definition
- consisting of many cells
- During the Paleozoic era
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Term
| What were the first animals to invade land? During which era? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Anthropoids? List several examples of Anthropoids. |
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Definition
- Native to America. Live in trees. Prehensile tails. Trees and ground feeders. Larger brains.
- Old world monkeys, New world monkeys, Homoniods
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Term
| What is the most diverse group of animals on Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the major problems faced by organisms moving onto land? |
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Definition
| No oxygen in the atmosphere, and the atmosphere was toxic. |
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Term
| What were the first vertabrates to inhabit the land? During which era? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which vertabrates addapted to life on land and in water? Why? |
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Definition
- Amphibians
- They could live on land, but they had to develop in water
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Term
| Which era us called the Age of the Reptiles? |
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Definition
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Term
| When did reptiles evolve? From what? |
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Definition
| 248-65 million yrs ago from the amphibians. |
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Term
| Compare reptiles with amphibians. |
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Definition
| There were reptiles that lived on land, and some that lived in the water. All amphibians lived on both land and in water. |
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Term
| During which era did mammals radiate? |
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Definition
| The end of the Mesozioc era. |
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Term
| During which era would you expect to find fossils that look the most like modern organisms? |
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Definition
| Beginning of the Quaternary period during the Cenozoic era. |
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Term
| Explain the Miller-Urey experiment. How did this mirror early Erth? How is it different? |
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Definition
| They produced every gas/element that made up Earth's atmosphere. |
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Term
| What may have been the first genetic material of life and why? |
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Definition
| RNA, because there are many different forms of it. |
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Term
| What may have been the first plasma membranes? |
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Definition
| Tiny bubbles called microspheres. |
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Term
| Where may have life began and why? |
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Definition
| In water because the atmosphere had no free oxygen to support life |
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Term
| All people are part of what genus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What other species of human existed? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are new world monkeys and old world monkeys different? Where is each from? |
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Definition
| New world monkeys live in trees and are from America, old world monkeys live on the ground and are from Europe/Africa |
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Term
| Why are orangutans hominiods? |
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Definition
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