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Chapter 12 cont.
study guide ques.
45
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/24/2010

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Term

In chromosome mapping, one map unit represents

A. The distance between one gene and the next on a chromosome

B. 1% crossing over between two sites on a chromosome

C. 10% Crossing over between two sites of a chromosome

D. 1% of the length of the chromosome

Definition
1% crossing over between two sites on a chromosome
Term

Polyploid is based on the Greek root words for

A. Appaearance and shape

B. Hereditary and image

C. New and form

D. Many and fold

Definition
Many and fold
Term

Which of these terms would be equivalent to 3n chromosome?

A. Tetraplody

B. Trisomy

C. Diploidy

D. Triploidy

Definition
Triploidy
Term

Which refers to turning a chromosome segment around 180 degrees and rejoining it to the original chromosome?

A. Inversion

B.Translocation

C. Deletion

D. Monosomy

Definition
Inversion
Term

Which refers to the loss of a complete chromosome?

A. Inversion

B. Translocation

C. Deletion

D. Duplication

E. Monosomy

Definition
Monosomy
Term

Which refers to the movement of a piece of one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome?

A. Inversion

B. Translocation

C. Deletion

D. Duplication

E. Monosomy

Definition
Translocation
Term

Which refers to the loss of a PROTION of a chromosome?

A. Inversion

B. Translocation

C. Deletion

D. Duplication

E. Monosomy

Definition
Deletion
Term

Which refers to the addition of an EXTRA segment of a chromosome?

A. Inversion

B. Translocation

C. Deletion

D. Duplication

E. Monosomy

Definition
Duplication
Term

Consider the case of a lethal recessive gene located on the nonhomologous part of the human X-chromosome.......

A. One-half

B. two-thirds

C. three-fourths

D. All

Definition
Two-thirds
Term

Which of the following is NOT true about a karyotype?

A. Homolugous chromosomes are paired

B. Sex chromosomes are identified separately from autosomes

C. Chromosome pairs are numbered from smallest to largest

D. Chromosome pairs are assorted by both size and shape

Definition
Chromosome pairs are numbered from smallest to largest
Term

Karyotyping can be used to diagnose which of the following genetic disoders?

A. Down syndrome

V. Color-blindness

C. Muscular dystrophy

D. Hemophilia

E. All of the aboce

Definition
Down syndrome
Term

Chorionic villus sampling uses what tissues to analyze the fetel cells and provide a karyotype?

A. Fetal blood tissue

B. Cells floating in the amniotic fluide

C. A small biopsy from the embryo itself but it readily heals

D. Membrane tissues from the embryo side of the placenta

Definition
Membrane tissues from the embryo side of the placenta
Term

When homologous chromosomes fail to seperate during meiosis, this is termed 

A. Cross-over

V. RFLP

C. Linked genes

D. Disjunction

E. Nondisjunction

Definition
Nondisjunction
Term

It is possible to assert that _____ resulted in nondisjunction in _____

A. XXXY; oogenesis

B. XYY; Spermatogenesis

C. XXX; oogenesis

D. XXY; Spermatogenesis

E. XO; oogenesis

Definition
XYY; Spermatogenesis
Term

In some cases of down syndrome, there is a translocation between the chromosomes

A. 21 and 13

B. 21 and 14

C. 21 and 18

D. 21 and 22

E. X and Y

Definition
21 and 14
Term

Which statement is NOT true about Down Syndrome?

A. It is caused by a third copy of a chromosome 21

B. Greatly increased incidence occures with fathers over age 35

C. It is associated with the chromosomal nondisjunction in meiosis

D. Affected individuals have it considerably shortened life expentancy

Definition
Greatly increased incidence occures with fathers over age 35
Term

Considering that males are produced by the Klinefelter syndrome, and females are produced by Turner syndrome, it is obvious that

A. Maleness is caused by the presence of only one X chromosome

B. Femaleness is caused by the presence of two or more x chromosomes

C. Maleness is caused y the minimal presence of one Y chromosome

D. Maleness occurs in the absence of two or more X chromosomes

Definition
Maleness is caused y the minimal presence of one Y chromosome
Term

Which genetic trait is NOT associated with the chromosome involved in down syndrome?

A. Increased incidence of leukemia

B. Cataracts

C. Mental retardation

D. Cystic fibrosis

Definition
Cystic fibrosis
Term

Which one of these is caused by repeats of base triplets rather than a whole chromosome?

A. Down syndrome

B. Edward syndrome

C. Klinefelter syndrome

D. Fragile-X syndrome

E. Turner syndrome

Definition
Fragile-X Syndrome
Term

Which sex chromosome anomaly is correctly associated with the proper genotype?

A. Turner syndrome-XYY

B. Triplo- X--XO

C. Klinefleter syndrome - XXY

Definition
Klinefleter syndrome - XXY
Term

A male with underdeveloped testes, breast development, subnormal intelligence, and an abnormal karyotype is likely to have

A. Turner syndrome

B. Hemophilia

C. Klinefelter syndrome

D.Down symdrome

Definition
Klinefelter syndrome
Term

If a woman is a carried for the color-blind recessive allele and her husband is normal, what are their chances that a son will be color-blind?

A. None since the father is normal

B. 50% since the mother is only the carrier

C. 100% because the mother has the gene

D. 25% because the mother is a hybrid

Definition
50% since the mother is only the carrier
Term

Queen Victoria and some of her descendants carried an X-linked gene for

A. Male pattern baldness

B. Sickle-cell disease

C. Color blindness

D. Hemophilia

E. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Definition
Hemophilia
Term

A genetic disorder (not counting disjunctions) is more likely to be common in the population if it

A. Does not manifest itself until after reproductive age has passed

B. Is recessive

C. Bestows some benefit in a heterozygous state'

D. Is not a sex-link if recessive

E. All of the above

Definition
All of the above
Term

In humans, X- linked diseases include all of the following EXCEPT

A. Color blindness

B. Hemophilia

C. Sickle-cell trait
D. Fragile X syndrome

Definition
Sickle cell trait
Term

Fragile X syndrome is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A. Fragile X syndrome is second only to down syndrom as a genetic cause of mental retardation

B. May be asymptomatic in up to 20% of males with a fragile X

C. Differs in the usual pattern for the X Linked genetic conditions

D. This is never found in females to any degree of expression

Definition
This is never found in females to any degree of expression
Term

All of the following are conditions associated with changes in human chromosome numbers except

A. Down syndrome

B. Turner syndrome

C. Klinefelter syndrome
D. Jacobs syndrome

E. Fragile X syndrome

 

Definition
Fragile X syndrome
Term

Human syndromes associated with deletion of a piece of a chromosome are

A. Klinefelter's syndrome

B. Williams and Cri du Chat syndromes

C. Burkitts lumphoma and Alagille syndrome

D All of the above

Definition

Williams and Cri du Chat syndromes


Term

Alagille syndrome

A. Is due to translocation betwen chromosome 2 and 20

B. May also have a deletion on chromosome 20

C. Presents with severe itching and abnormalities of the eyes and internal organs

D. All of the choices

Definition
All of the choices
Term

The first eukaryotic genome to be completely base sequenced were those of

A. Saccharomyces cervisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans

B. Drosophilia

C. Neurospora

E. The garden pea 

Definition
Saccharomyces cervisiae andCaenorhabditis elegans
Term

What causes Down Syndrome?

A. The lack of pidment production

B. An extra chromosome 21

C. The presence of two different codominant alleles

D. Inability to produce normal connective tissue

Definition
 An extra chromosome 21
Term

What is associate dwith the inability to produce favtor VIII in the blood?

A. Williams syndrope

B. Trisomy 21

C. Color-blindness

D. Hemophilia

Definition
Hemophilia
Term

What kind of mutation causes trisomy 21 or down syndrome?

A. Change in number of chromosomes

B. Change in base sequence in DNA

C. Change in arrangement of alleles

Definition
Change in number of chromosomes
Term

Individuals who display an aneuploid condition have an abnormal number of chromosomes

True or False

Definition
True
Term

Polyploid plants are usually sterile.

True or False

Definition
False
Term

The chromosomes that are the same in both males and females are called the sex chromosomes

True or False

Definition
False
Term

Sex chromosomes only contrain genes coding for sexual charactertistics 

True or False

Definition
False
Term

An example of an X-linked trait is red eye color in the fruit fly Drosophila

True or False

Definition
True
Term

An small number of recombinants will occur due to crossing over between linked genes in homologous chromosomes

True or False

Definition
True
Term

Polyploidy is important in the production of new species of animals

True or False

Definition
False
Term

Trisomy occurs when a chromosome, usually an autosome, is lost during meiosis

True or False

Definition
False
Term

The development of the chromosomal theory of inheritance is an example of how different avenues of research can result in a major scientific discovery

True or False

Definition
True
Term

Non-sex determining chromosomes are called autosomes

True or False

Definition
True
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