Term
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Definition
Stress is a psycological agent that influences physical and emotional well being and our ability to perform our jobs. |
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Term
| Name 5 stress related physical problems |
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Definition
high blood pressure
ulcers
colitis
headaches
neck and lower back pain |
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Term
| Do men and women really differ in their response to stressors? |
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Definition
| Yes, women's response to stress as a tend and befriend. Tending involves nurturing activities designed to protect themselves and their offspring from the stress; befriending refers to the development of social groups or networks that help defend against stress. |
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Term
| What type of stress leads to illness and psychosomatic disorder? |
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Definition
| the stress we face on the job are pychological or emotional in nature, such as an argument with a boss, the belief that we have been treated unfairly, or concern about the promotion. These constitute what are commonly referred to as hassles or insults of everday life. Individually they are low level stresses but are hard on the body because they accumulate. |
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Term
| How does job satisfaction mediate the relationship between stress and illness? |
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Definition
| Those who report being very satisfied with their jobs show fewer harmful effects of stress. Those who are dissatisfied with their job show many more stress related factors. Hinderance related stress is associated with frustration and low job satisfaction. High job satisfaction leads to good health and longevity. Challenge related stress is motivating and posotively related to high job satisfaction. |
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Term
| What are the general characteristics (not psychological) that help employees cope better with stress? |
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Definition
| General physical health is related to susceptiability to stress. People in better physical shape experience fewer stresses. Our level of ability and skill of a particular job is also directly related with less stress. |
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Term
| How do Self-Efficacy, LOC and OBSE relate to coping with stress? |
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Definition
| Self Efficacy refers to the belief in ones ability to accomplish a task. It is the sense of how adequate, efficient, and competent a person feels about coping with lifes demands. People who have this are less bothered by stress. The personality variable of internal and external locus of control infulences a persons reaction to stress. People high in organization based self esteem have a high sense of personal adequacy and see themselves as important, effective, and worthwhile to their organization. |
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Term
| How does High Self-Control relate to coping with stress? |
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Definition
| Self control is a personality factor we all have to some degree. People who exercise a high level of self control tend to restrain behaviors, desires, and emotions that might interfere with what they believe is expected from them. High self control can lead to high stress on the job and vice versa for low self control for people. |
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Term
| According to the author, what are some high-stress jobs and low-stress jobs? |
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Definition
High stress- laborer, secretary, clinical lab technician, nurse, resturaunt server, farm worker, and miner.
College proffessor was rated the least stressful. |
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Term
| Who reports higher levels of stress – men or women? Why? |
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Definition
| Women, headaches, anxiety mostly because of their menstul cycle. EW. |
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Term
| How does work overload and work underload affect stress? Draw a graph showing the relationship between amount of stress and productivity. |
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Definition
| To types of work overload: Qualitative and quantitative. Quantatative is having to much work in little time. Qualitative overload involves work that is too difficult. Having insufficient ability to perform a job is stressful. Work underload is work that is too simple of is insufficient to fill a workers time of challenge a workers abilities, it's also stressfull. |
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Term
| Define Role Ambiguity and Role Conflict |
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Definition
Role ambiguity arises when the scope and responsibilities of a job are unstructures or poorly defined. The employee is not sure what is expected or even what to do. This stress is relavent to new employees, whose job guidelines might be unclear.
Role conflict arises when a disparity exists in job requirements or between a job's demands and the employees values and expectations. |
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Term
| What is Burnout Syndrome? Can it be measured? |
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Definition
| The effects of job stress result from over work can be seen in the condition called burnout. Employees affected by burnout become less energetic and less interested in their jobs. In general, they are emotionally exhausted, as demonstrated in a survey of 64 firegihters. Yes it can be measured by specific questions in a survey. |
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Term
| Name 5 ways the organization can proactively decrease stress in its employees? |
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Definition
controlling the climate
providing control
defining employee roles
eliminating work overload and underload
provide social support
allowing pets at work
providing stress management programs
fitness programs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does Caveat Emptor mean? |
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Definition
| Let the buyer beware at his own risk. |
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Term
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Definition
| They consist of small samples of consumers who meet in groups of 8 to 12 to describe their reactions to a product, package, or ad, or to the ideas and issues being promoted. |
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Term
| What are the 4 main survey techniques? |
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Definition
Mail
Telephone
Personal interview
online |
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Term
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Definition
| involves measuring brain activity and functions in response to marketing and advertising programs. People serving as subjects are connected to devices that scan activity in various parts of the brain by EEG, MRI, and PET |
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Term
| What are the different ways to test reactions to advertising? |
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Definition
psycological measures
sales tests
coupon returns |
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Term
| What are the 5 types of advertising? |
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Definition
Consumer awareness
Product Image
Institutional advertising
informal advertising
advertising placement |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of advertising appeals? |
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Definition
Celebrity Endorsements
posotive and negative emotional appeals
implied superiority |
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Term
| Name 3 companies for which the trademark name became a generic for the category of the product. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the main pro and con for using sexy images in advertisements? |
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Definition
Sex has a high attn getting value. Studies using the eye camera show that most consumers reading magazines, when confronted with several adds on a page will immediately look at the ad that contains sex. Men look at the pictures, but women read the message, which usually means that the ad is comminicating with the wrong audience.
They are less likely to remember the product. |
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Term
| What is Brand Placement? Is it effective? |
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Definition
| Brand replacement usually involves the use of the product by a popular star, and thus can have the impact of a celebrity endorsement. Studies have shown that when the lead character in a movie, viewer recall of the brand is increased. Makes movie more realistic with real advertisemnts also. |
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Term
| How can pricing affect consumer buying habits? |
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Definition
| Consumers frequently use price as an index of quality based on the assumption that more expensive is better. Manufactuars capitalize on this belief and charge higher prices for same quality. |
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Term
| What are the 2 other names for Engineering Psychology? |
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Definition
| Human factors & Human engineering |
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Term
| How have Engineering Psychologists changed how automobiles are designed? |
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Definition
| The introduction of the high mounted brake light on automobiles, which cost the industry about10 per car and the annual return was 434 million. |
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Term
| Who is Frederick Taylor? What was his contribution to Engineering Psychology? |
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Definition
| He was a promoter of scientific management undertook an investigation of the nature of shoveling at the request of a large US steel manufacturar. Developed an optimal shovel for workers that maxed efficiency. He was the first to work on tools and worker efficiency. |
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Term
| Who are Frank and Lillian Gilbreath? What are the 5 General Rules they determined in Time and Motion studies? |
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Definition
minimize distance workers must reach to get tools
both hands should begin and end their movement at the same time, asymmetrical.
Hands should never be idle.
Hand should not do work that can be done by any other part of the body.
whenever possible all mechanical devices should be held by hook instead of hand.
Workbench should be efficient height to maximize effeciency. |
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Term
| When allocating functions, what are the pros of humans and the pros of computers/robots? |
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Definition
Pros
Marchines detect stimuli and wavelengths
-moniter reliability for lengthy times
-machines make large numbers of rapid accurate calculations
-store and retrieve tons of info
-can do repetitive activities
CONS
machines are not flexible and can't adapt
-they can not learn from errors and modify behavior on past experience
-machines can not improvise |
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Term
| What is Human Anthropometry? |
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Definition
| Branch of engineering psychology that focuses on measurement of the physical structure of the human body. Complete sets of body measurements have been compiled from a large, representative sample of the population in the performance of various activities. |
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Term
| When are Visual displays useful? When are Auditory displays useful? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 types of visual displays? Describe them. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is tactile communication? When would it be useful? |
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Definition
| Tactile communication through the skin senses is used daily throughout the world. Visually impaired persons read through braille system. As visual and auditory displays become more numerous and complex in certain work enviroments, tactile displays can be used and additional source of communication. |
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Term
| What are Control-Body Matching and Control-Task Compatibility? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 2 main problems with prolonged computer usage? What are some solutions for each? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 reasons for occupational injuries? (Causal models) |
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Definition
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