Term
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Definition
authorites simply mandate certain behavior to achieve a socially desirable outcome.
-general Ex:
-Enviromental EX: |
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Term
| how do authorites figure out what is socially desirable. |
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Definition
take polls to find out
-run for a governmental office
-hire economists to wiegh the costs and benefits of different policies
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Term
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Definition
| measure how much energy there using or how much they pollute |
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Term
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Definition
| A mandated lelvel of performance that is enforced by law. |
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Term
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Definition
-simple and direct approach
-clearly specified target |
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Term
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Definition
-refers to the level of pollution emited by a source
-tons of Co2 emitted onto the air
-mg of ammonia emitted in to the water. |
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Term
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Definition
-refer to the concentration of pollution in the air and water.
EX: Mg of ammonia per Liter of water |
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Term
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Definition
-refer to Paticular meathods or equipment that must be used.
-Focus on the process eather than the end result
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Term
| what is the problem with setting standards as the national level |
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Definition
average emissions across the entire nation may be at an acceptable level but
-emissions may be highly concentrated in a few areas |
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Term
| what do standard not allow firms to do |
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Definition
1. do not allow firms very much flexability
2. standards do not aoffer very good incentives for firms to invent and adopt new clean technologies |
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