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| refers to the close, emotional bonds of affection that develop between infants and their caregivers |
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| emotinoal distress seen in many infants when they are separated from people with whom they have formed an attachment |
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| infants use moether as a secure base from which to venture out and explore the world |
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| Form of attachment inwhich the child becomes visibly upset when their mother leaves and is calmed by her return |
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| anxious-ambivalent attachment |
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| Children protest excessibely when mother leaves, but are not particulary comforted when she returns |
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| Children seek little contact with their mothers and often are not distressed when she leaves |
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| disorganized-disoriented attachment |
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| children appear confused about whether they should approach or avoid their mother and are especially insecure |
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| a theroy based off of that of Freud which theorized that personality continues to evolve over the entire life span in stages. |
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| makes the transitions in important social relationships in Erikson's stage theory |
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Erikson's 1st stage
(childhood) |
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| Is my world predictable and supportive? |
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Main question of Erikson's 1st stage: trust vs. mistrust
based off of whether the infants biological needs are adequately met by the caregiver |
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| Autonomy vs. shame and doubt |
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| Can I do things myself or must I always reloy on others? |
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Main question of Erikson's 2nd stage:
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Influenced by a childs behavior as they begin to take peronal responsibility for feeding, dressing and bathing. |
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Main question of Erikson's 3rd stage:
initiative vs. guilt
Children retain their sense of initiative while learning ot respect the rights and privileges of other family members as they experiment and take initiatives that may sometimes conflict with their parents' rules. |
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| Am I competent or am I worthless? |
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Main question of Erikson's 4th stage:
industry vs. inferiority
Learning to functino socially is extended beyond the family to peer interaction at school |
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| Where am I and where am I going? |
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| Main questino of Erikson's 5th stage |
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| Shall I share my life with another or live alone? |
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Main question of Erikson's 6th stage:
Intimacy vs. isolation |
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| Generativity vs. self-absorption |
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| Will I produce something of real value? |
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Main question of Erkison's 7th stage:
generativity vs. self-absorption |
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| Have I lived a full life? |
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Main question of Erikson's 8th stage:
integrity vs. despair |
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| Stage lasting for the first year of life |
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| Stage 1: Trust vs mistrust |
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| Stage lating through the second and third years of life |
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| Stage 2: Autonomy vs shame and doubt |
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| Stage lasting the fourth through sixth years of life |
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| Stage 3: Initiative vs. guilt |
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| Stage 4: Industry vs. inferiority |
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| Stage 5: Identity vs confusion |
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| Stage 6: intimacy vs isolation |
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| Stage 7: Generativity vs self-absorption |
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| Stage 8: Integrity vs despair |
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| the two year span preceding puberty during which the changes leading to physical and sexual matuity take place |
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the stage during which sexual functions reach matjurity, which marks the beginning of adolesence.
primary sex characteristics develop fully during this time |
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| the period during which primary sex characteristics develop fully |
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| primary sex characteristics |
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the structures necessary for reproduction.
these develop fully during puberty |
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| site of most pronounced increase of myelinization and synaptic pruning during adolescence |
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| the last area of the brain to fully mature |
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| supports the idea that adolescence is a time marked by turmoil |
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| attempted ratio of attempted to completed suicides is much higher for this stage of life |
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| Two conditions that support the theory that adolescence is a time of turmoil |
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| Adolescent suicide and adolescent violence |
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| Columbine High School is one example of the trend of |
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4 unique stages procuded by the combination of the presence or absence of a sinse of commitment and a sense of crises.
There are nto stages that people pas through, but orientations that may occur at a particular time |
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Identity status in which defined by a state of rudderless apathy.
People refure to confront the callenge of charting a life course. |
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| The identity status defined by a premature commitment to visions, values, and roles -typically those prescribed by one's parents |
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| The indentity status which involved delayuing commitment for a while to experiment with alternative ideologies adn careers |
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| The identity status which involves arriving at a sense of self and direction after some consideratino of alternative possibilities. |
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| secondary sex characteristics |
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Definition
| physical features that distinguish one sex from the other but that are not essential for reproduction |
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| a difficult, turbulent preiod of doubts and reappraisals of one's life |
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| a sequence of stages that families tend to progress through |
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three Stages of the family life cycle
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marriage, parenthood and empty nest
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characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity
From an early age babies can be animated and cheerful or sluggisha and ornery |
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