Term
| A very large, integrated collection of data. Software package designed to store and manage databases. Provides efficient, reliable, convenient, and safe multi-user storage of and access to massive amounts of persistent data |
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Definition
| Database Management System (DBMS) |
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Term
| A DBMS models real-world _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| DBMS must stage large datasets between _____ _____ and _____ _____, have _____ code for _____ queries, protect data from _____ due to multiple concurrent users, _____ recovery, _____ and _____ control |
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Definition
| main memory, secondary storage, special, different, inconsistency, security, access |
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Term
| Database applications may be programmed via "_____" |
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Definition
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Term
| Data applications may not use _____ at all |
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Definition
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| Other data representation |
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Definition
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Term
| DBMS has data _____ and efficient _____, _____ application development time, data _____ and _____, _____ data administration, _____ access, recovery from _____ |
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Definition
| independence, access, reduced, integrity, security, uniform, concurrent, crashes |
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Term
| Shift from _____ to _____. Datasets increasing in _____ and _____. DBMS encompasses most of _____ |
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Definition
| computation, information, diversity, volume, CS |
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Term
| collection of concepts for describing data storage form in DBMS |
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Definition
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Term
| description of a particular collection of data, using the given data model |
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Term
| The _____ model of data is the most widely used model today |
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Term
| basically a table with rows and columns |
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Definition
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Term
| Every relation has a _____, which describes the columns, or fields |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ schema defines logical structure |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ schema describes the files and indexes used |
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Definition
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Term
| Schemas are defined using _____ (_____ _____ _____) |
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Definition
| DDL (Data Definition Language) |
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Term
| Data is modified/queried using _____ (_____ _____ _____) |
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Definition
| DML (Data Manipulation Language) |
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Term
| Steps of Using Database: 1. Design _____ using DDL; 2. Load initial _____; 3. Execute _____ and _____ |
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Definition
| schema, data, queries, modification |
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Term
| constructs the database system |
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Definition
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| develop the programs to interact with databases |
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Definition
| database application developer |
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Term
| maintains the databases and loads data |
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Definition
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Term
| protection from changes in logical structure of data |
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Definition
| logical data independence |
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Term
| protection from changes in physical structure of data |
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Definition
| physical data independence |
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Term
| DBMS users can pretend they are using a _____-_____ system |
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Definition
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Term
| atomic sequence of database actions (reads/writes) |
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Definition
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Term
| Each transaction, executed completely, must leave the DB in a _____ _____ if DB is consistent when the transaction begins |
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Definition
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Term
| Users can specify some simple _____ _____ on the data, and the DBMS will enforce these constraints |
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Definition
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Term
| DBMS does not really understand the _____ of the data |
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Definition
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Term
| Ensuring that a transaction (run alone) preserves consistency is ultimately the _____ responsibility |
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Definition
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Term
| DBMS ensures that execution of {T1, ... , Tn} is equivalent to some _____ execution T1' ... Tn' |
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Definition
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Term
| If an action of Ti (say, writing X) affects Tj (which perhaps reads X), one of them, say Ti, will obtain the lock on X first and Tj is forced to wait until Ti completes; this effectiely orders the transactions |
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Definition
| Strict 2PL locking protocol |
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Term
| What if Tj already has a lock on Y and Ti later requests a lock on Y? (_____!) Ti or Tj is _____ and restarted! |
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Definition
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Term
| DBMS ensures _____ (all-or-nothing property) even if system crashes in the middle of a Xact |
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Definition
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Term
| Keep a _____ (history) of all actions carried out by the DBMS while executing a set of Xacts |
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Definition
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Term
| Before a change is made to the database, the corresponding log entry is forced to a safe location. OS support for this is often inadequate |
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Definition
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Term
| After a crash, the effects of partially executed transactions are _____ using the log |
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Definition
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Term
| The following actions are recorded in the log: Ti _____ an object: the _____ value and the _____ value. Log record must go to disk _____ the changed page!; Ti _____/_____: a log record indicating this action |
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Definition
| writes, old, new, before, commits, aborts |
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Term
| Log records _____ together by Xact ID, so it's easy to undo a specific Xact |
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Term
| Log is often _____ and _____ on "stable" storage |
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| All log related activities are handled transparently by the _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Name some people involved in databases |
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Definition
| end users, DBMS vendors, DB application programmers, database administrator (DBA) |
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Term
| Designs logical/physical schemas, handles security and authorization, data availability, crash recovery, database tuning as needs evolve |
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Definition
| database administrator (DBA) |
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Term
| A typical DMBS has a _____ architecture |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of a DBMS architecture |
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Definition
| Query Optimization and Execution, Relational Operators, Files and Access Methods, Buffer Management, Disk Space Management |
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