Term
|
Definition
| a theoretical inquiry that poses and attempts to answer basic and universal questions about the human existence |
|
|
Term
| Why are the questions basic? |
|
Definition
| because they are about the fundamental issues of all humans' thoughts and actions |
|
|
Term
| Why are the questions universal? |
|
Definition
| they have been asked by human beings in throughout history in every siociety and culture |
|
|
Term
How do they pertain to human existence?
|
|
Definition
| they raise issues of ultimate concern for the conduct of our lives |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 basic questions of philosophy? |
|
Definition
1. the question of being
2. the question of human nature
3. the question of value
4. the question of knowledge
5. the question of method |
|
|
Term
| what branch of philosophy is concerned with the questions of being? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary sub-branches of metaphysics? |
|
Definition
1. ontology
2. philosophical theology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the philosophical study that deals with the nature and characteristics of reality in general |
|
|
Term
| What is monistic ontology? |
|
Definition
| maintains that reality is constituted by one single process or kind of thing- matter or spirit |
|
|
Term
| what is dualistic ontology? |
|
Definition
| maintains that reality is constituted by two fundamental processes or levels that are irreducably distinct |
|
|
Term
| what is pluralistic ontology? |
|
Definition
| maintains that reality is composed of many different kinds of thing or process |
|
|
Term
| what is philosophical theology? |
|
Definition
| ponders the question of what is ultimately or absolutely real |
|
|
Term
| how do philosophical theology and religious theology differ? |
|
Definition
PT- allows supernatural existence to be an open question forhumans to decide
RT- assumes supernatural does exist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| believes God does not exist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is not sure if a God exists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| believes in many gods or divine principles whose influence can be known |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| God is either the sum total of all things, or a benevolentpower within the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| there is a God that caused the universe, but doesn't actively still interact with the earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| there is a God who is the creator, sustainer, and end of all things |
|
|
Term
| what is philosophical anthropology? |
|
Definition
| the fundamental branch of philosophy that is concerned with the nature and destiny of the human person |
|
|
Term
| what is philosophical anthropology? |
|
Definition
| the fundamental branchof philosophy which is concerned with the nature and destiny of the human person |
|
|
Term
| what is philosophical psychology? |
|
Definition
| area of inquiry that aims to discover the constituent functions anf faculties of the human person |
|
|
Term
| what is anthropological monism? |
|
Definition
| maintains that the human person is fundamentally one kind of thing or process- either wholly material or wholly spiritual |
|
|
Term
| what is anthropological dualism? |
|
Definition
| maintains that the human person embraces two distinct levels of reality- mind and matter |
|
|
Term
| what is epiphenomenalism? |
|
Definition
| the view that our mental lives (consciousness and all its specific functions) are simply by-products of our bodies' physiological processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| encompasses a range of approaches to understanding how, why, and to what degree persons value things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of philosophy concerned with the question of intristic value (what is good in and of itself) and human obligation (that which we are bound by duty to perform or avoid) |
|
|
Term
| what is ethical relativism? |
|
Definition
| maintains that there are no objective standards of moral value and obligation |
|
|
Term
| what is ethical absolutism? |
|
Definition
| maintains that there are objectively valid and universally applicable standards of moral value and obligation which stand over against every specific cultural practice and subjective preference |
|
|
Term
| what are deontological ethical theories? |
|
Definition
| determine the rightness and wrongness of human conduct by appealing to objectively valid and universally applicable rules of obligation |
|
|
Term
| what are teleological ethical theories? |
|
Definition
| define the rightness and wrongness of human conduct by appealing to certain ends, goals, or consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of philosophy that is concerned with the question of what constitutes "the good" for larger human communities such as societies and states |
|
|
Term
| what are utopian political theories? |
|
Definition
| attempts to discern the essential features of the perfectly just state and to judge the success or failure of actual historical states according to this criterion |
|
|
