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Chapter 1
Understanding Nutrition 14th Edition Whitney Rolfes
60
Nutrition
Undergraduate 2
08/22/2015

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Cards

Term
A parent who offers a child a favorite snack as a reward for good behavior is encouraging a food behavior known as...
Definition
Positive association
Term
Factors known to be related to a disease but not proven to be causal are called...
Definition
Risk factors
Term
All of the following are examples of functional foods EXCEPT
Definition
Regular white bread
Term
Which of the following is a result of the metabolism of energy nutrients?
Definition
Energy is released
Term
What is the term that defines foods that contain nonnutrient substances whose known action in the body is to promote well-being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?
Definition
Functional foods
Term
What is the AMDR for fat?
Definition
20-35%
Term

A person viewing an exciting sports match of her favorite sports team and eating because of nervousness would be displaying a food choice behavior most likely based on...

Definition
Emotional comfort
Term

Which of the following are statements most accurately describes the composition of most foods?

Definition

They contain mixtures of the three energy nutrients, although only one of two may predominate.

Term

A normal half-cup vegetable portion weighs approximately howmany grams?

Definition

100

Term

Which of the following is used to determine the presence of abnormal functions inside the body due to a nutrient deficiency?

Definition

Laboratory tests

Term

Your friend Carrie took a daily vitamin C adn stated that she felt a lot better.  Her experience is best described as a(n)...

Definition

Anecdote

Term

A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)...

Definition
Essential nutrient
Term
Which of the following would most likely lead to a primary nutrient defciency?
Definition
Inadequate nutrient intake
Term
Which of the following nutrient sources yields more than 4kcalories per gram?
Definition
Plant fats
Term
Which statement about the recommended nutrient intakes is FALSE?
Definition
The recommendations also apply to sick people
Term
The motive for a person who alters his diet due to religious convictions is most likely his...
Definition
Values
Term
Which of the following individuals is most likely to possess the least amount of nutrition training?
Definition
Certified nutritionist
Term
A person who assists registered dietitians has the formal title of...
Definition
Dietetic technician
Term
You have been asked to help a top nutrition researcher conduct human experiments on Vitamin C.  As the subjects walk into the lab, you distribute all the vitamin C pill bottles to the females and all the placebo pill bottles to the males.  The researcher instantly informs you that there are two errors in your research practice.  What steps should you have done differently?
Definition
Prevented yourself from knowing what was in the pill bottles, and distributed the bottles randomly in subjects.
Term
International units of energy are expressed in...
Definition
Kilojoules
Term
Which of the following best describes a college-educated nutrition and food specialist who is qualified to make evaluations of the nutritional health of people?
Definition
Registered dietitian
Term
By chemical analysis, what nutrient is present in the highest amounts in most foods?
Definition
Water
Term
The 5 most common causes of death today in the United States include all of the following EXCEPT...
Definition
Suicide
Term
Inspection of hair, eyes, skin, adn posture is part of the nutrition assessment known as...
Definition
Physical examination
Term
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Adequate Intake (AI) and the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?
Definition
The percentage of people covered is known for both values
Term
Approximately what percentage of US consumers eat home-cooked meals at least 3 times per week?
Definition
80
Term
An essential nutrient is one that cannot be...
Definition
made in sufficient quantities by the body
Term
Which of the following leading causes of death in the US does NOT bear a relationship to diet?
Definition
Pneumonia and influenza
Term
All of the following sets of values are included in the Dietary Reference Intakes EXCEPT...
Definition
LUT
Term
Who would be the most appropriate person to consult regarding nutrition information?
Definition
Registered dietitian
Term
Which of the following is NOT among the features of a chronic disease?
Definition
It produces sharp pains
Term
In the body, the chemical energy in food can be converted to any of the following EXCEPT...
Definition
Light energy
Term
Before publication in a reputable journal, the findings of a research study must undergo scrutiny by experts in the field according to a process known as...
Definition
Peer review
Term
The goal of healthy people is to...
Definition
set goals for the nation's health over the next 10 years
Term
If a group of people consumed an amount of protein equal to the average requirement for their population group, what percentage would receive insufficient amounts?
Definition
50
Term
Of the 10 leading causes of illness and death, how many are associated directly with nutrition?
Definition
4
Term
How are the RDA for almost all vitamin and mineral intakes set?
Definition
High, to cover virtually all healthy individuals
Term
What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient represent?
Definition
The maximum amount from all sources that appears safe for most healthy people
Term
Which of the following represents a food choice based on negative association?
Definition
An elderly gentleman who refuses a peanut butter and jelly sandwich because he deems it child's food
Term
What set of values is used to recommend the average kcalorie intake that maintains population groups in energy balance?
Definition
Estimated Energy Requirement
Term
A child's strong dislike of noodle soup that developed after she consumed some when she was sick with the flu is an example of a food-related...
Definition
Negative association
Term
In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called the...
Definition
Hypothesis
Term
A diet provides a total of 220 kcalories, of which 40% of the energy is from fat and 20% from protein.  How many grams of carbohydrate are contained in the diet?
Definition
220
Term
The smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function is called the nutrient...
Definition
Requirement
Term
As a registered dietitian at Jones Hospital, you are instructed to write a policy statement on nutrition assessment procedures for all new patients.  Which of the following are the most useful parameters for the nutrition assessment of individuals?
Definition
Historical information, anthropometric data, physical examinations, laboratory tests.
Term
What is the benefit of using a large sample size in an experiment?
Definition
Chance variation is ruled out
Term
Bob consumes about 2500 kcalories per day, which is apportioned as 150 g of fat, 140 g of carbohydrate, and 150 g of protein.  What would be the appropriate revisions to help Bob adjust his nutrient intake so that it matches the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges?
Definition
70 g fat, 156 g protein, 313 g carbohydrate
Term
All of the following are minimum requirements for becoming a registered dietitian EXCEPT...
Definition
Completing up to a three-week clinical internship or the equivalent
Term
Which of the following represents the usual sequence of stages in the development of a nutrient deficiency resulting from inadequate intake?
Definition
Declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body, and overt signs.
Term
Which of the following is NOT classified as a macronutrient?
Definition
Calcium
Term
How much energy is required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (liter) of water 1*C?
Definition
1 kilocalorie
Term
The percentages of kcalorie intakes for protein, fat, and carbohydrate that are thought to reduce the risk of chronic diseases are termed the...
Definition
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
Term
If a person consumed the upper AMDR limit for protein as part of a diet providing 2500 kcalories, approximately how many grams of protein would be ingested?
Definition
219
Term
A subclinical nutrient deficiency is defined as one that...
Definition
Is in the early stages
Term
Which of the following is an overt symptom of iron deficiency?
Definition
Headaches
Term
Approximately how much water (lbs) would be found in a 120-lb person?
Definition
72
Term
What is the upper range of fat in the AMDR?
Definition
35%
Term
Which of the following is an organic compound?
Definition
Vitamin C
Term
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the minerals?
Definition
Unstable to light
Term
A health magazine contacted you for your expert opinion on what measure best describes the amounts of nutrients that should be consumed by the population. Your reply should be:
Definition
The Recommended Dietary Allowances because they represent the average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people.
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