Term
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Definition
| Movement of a drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream |
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Term
| adverse drug reaction (ADR) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a drug effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious helath problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber |
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Term
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Definition
| An extrinsic drug that activates the receptor site of a cell and mimics the actions of naturally occuring drugs (intrinsic drugs). |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of adverse effect in which the presence of the drug stimulates the release of histamine and other body chemicals that cause inflammatory reactions. The response may be as mild as a rash or as severe and life threatening as anaphylaxis |
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Term
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Definition
| An extrinsic drug that blocks the receptor site of a cell, preventing the naturally occurring substance from binding to the receptor |
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Term
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Definition
| The precentage of a drug dose that actually reaches the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| A notice that a drug may produce serious or even life-threatening effects in some people in addition to its beneficial effects |
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Term
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Definition
| A manufacturer-owned name of a generic drug: also called a "trade name" or "proprietary name" |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug action that is intended to a kill a cell or an orgnaism |
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Term
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Definition
| The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the three body water compartments |
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Term
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Definition
| Any small molecule that changes any body function by working at the chemical and cell levels |
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Term
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Definition
| The planned use of a drug to prevent or improve a health problem |
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Term
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Definition
| The length of time a drug is present in the blood at or above the level needed to produce an effect or response |
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Term
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Definition
| The inactivation or removal of drugs from the body accompolished by certain body systems |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of drugs from the outside of the body to the inside using the gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that are man-made (synthetic) or derived from another species; not made by the human body |
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Term
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Definition
| Rapid inactivation or elimination of oral drugs as a result of liver metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| National and international public drug name created by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council to indicate the usual use or chemical composition of a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Time span needed for one half of a drug dose to be eliminated |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural products made from plants that cause a response in the body similar to that of a drug; also called botanicals |
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Term
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Definition
| A drug that has an increased risk of causing patient harm if it is used in error |
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Term
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Definition
| Desired effect (main effect) of a drug on specific body cells or tissues; same as therapeutic response |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| The first dose of a drug that is larger than all subsequent doses of the same drug; used when it takes more drug to reach steady state than it does to maintain it |
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Term
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Definition
| Exactly how, at the cellular level, a drug changes the activity of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| any small molecule that changes any body function by working at the chemical and cell levels (same as drug). |
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Term
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Definition
| (drug metabolism) Chemical reaction in the body that changes the chemical shape and content of a drug, preparing the drug for inactivation and elimination |
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Term
| minimum effective concentration (MEC) |
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Definition
| The smallest amount of drug necessary in the blood or target tissue to result in a measurable intended action |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that are approved for purchase without a prescription |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of a drug from the outside of the body to the inside of the body by injection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| movement of a drug from the outside of the body to the inside through the skin or mucous membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| Unexpected adverse effects that are unique to the patient and not related to the mechanism of action of the drug. They are also called idiosyncratic responses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ways in which drugs work to change body function |
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Term
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Definition
| How the body changes drugs; drug metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| The science and study of drugs and their actions on living animals |
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Term
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Definition
| The change in body function as an outcome of the mechanism of action of a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| The strength of the intended action produced at a given drug dose |
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Term
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Definition
| An order written or dictated by a state-approved prescriber for a specific drug therapy for a specific patient |
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Term
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Definition
| The legal status of any drug that is considered unsafe for self-medication or has a potential for addiction and is only available by prescription written by a state-approved health care professional |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical place on or in a cell where a drug can bind and interact |
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Term
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Definition
| The "trapping" of drugs within certain body tissues, delaying their elimination and extending their duration of action |
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Term
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Definition
| Any minor effect of a drug on body cells or tissues that is not the intended action of a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Point at which drug elimination is balanced with drug entry, resulting in a constant effective blood level of the drug |
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Term
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Definition
| The actual cells or tissues affected by the mechanism of action or inteded actions of a specific drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of percutaneous drug delivery in which the drug is applied to the skin, passes through the skin, and enters the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| The lowest or minimal blood drug level |
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Term
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Definition
| Changing of a drug from a liquid form to a gas that can be absorbed into the body by inhalation |
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