Term
| signal-transduction pathway |
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Definition
| series of steps by which a signal on a cell's surface is converted into a specific cellular response |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that influences cells in the vicinity |
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Term
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Definition
| chemicals for signaling at greater distances |
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Term
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Definition
| small molecule that specifically binds to a larger one |
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Term
| G-protein-linked receptor |
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Definition
| plasma-membrane receptor that works with the help of a G-protein |
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Term
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Definition
| functions as a switch that is on or off depending on which of two guanine nucleotides is attatched, GDP or GTP |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP to amino acid tyrosine on a substate protein |
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Term
| tyrosine-kinase receptors |
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Definition
| membrane receptors that attach phosphates to protein tyrosines |
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Term
| ligand-gated ion channels |
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Definition
| membrane receptors of chemical signals |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to a protein |
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Term
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Definition
| enzymes that remove phosphate groups from proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| small, nonprotein, water-soluble molecules or ions |
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Term
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Definition
| compound called cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme built into the plasma membrane that converts ATP to cAMP in response to an extracellular signal |
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Definition
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Term
| inositol trisphosphate (IP3) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a Ca2+ binding protein present at high levels in eukaryotic cells |
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