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Chapter 11
Chapter 11 notecatds
22
Psychology
12th Grade
02/03/2014

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Cards

Term

Aptitude test

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Definition
A test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.
Term

Achievement Test

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Definition
a test designed to assess what a person has learned.
Term

Creativity

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Definition
the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
Term

Content Validity

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Definition
the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
Term

Criterion

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Definition
the behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (such as the SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity
Term

Down Syndrome

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Definition
a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup
Term

Emotional Intelligence

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Definition
the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.
Term

Factor Analysis

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Definition
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one’s total score.
Term

General Intelligence (g)

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Definition
a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
Term

Intelligence

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Definition
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Term

Intelligence Test

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Definition
a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
Term

Intelligence Quotient

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Definition
defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 [IQ = (ma/ca) x 100]. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100
Term

Mental Age

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Definition
a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance.
Term

Normal Curve

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Definition
the symmetrical bell¬-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes
Term

Predictive Validity

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Definition
the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.)
Term

Reliability

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Definition
the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting
Term

Savant Syndrome

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Definition
a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
Term

Stanford-Binet

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Definition
the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test
Term

Standardization

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Definition
defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group
Term

Stereotype Threat

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Definition
a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.
Term

Validity

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Definition
the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
Term

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

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Definition
the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests
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