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Chapter 1
Defining Development
13
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
01/23/2013

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Term
Science of Human Development
Definition
The science that seeks to understand how and why people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time.
Term
Empirical
Definition
Based on data, on demonstrations, on facts.
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
A way to answer questions using empirical research and data-based conclusions
Term
Replication
Definition
The repetition of a study using different participants
Term
Nature
Definition
Refers to the influence of the genes that people inherit
Term
Nurture
Definition
Refers to the environmental influences that affect development after an individual is conceived
Term
Critical Period
Definition
A time when a particular type of developmental growth (in body or behavior) must happen if it is ever going to happen
Term
Sensitive Period
Definition
A time when a certain type of development is most likely, although it may still happen later. For example, early childhood is considered a sensitive period for language learning.
Term
Dynamic Systems
Definition
A view of human development as an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between the physical and emotional being and between the person and every aspect of his or her environment, including the family and society.
Term
Life- Span Perspective
Definition
An approach to the study of human development that takes into account of phases of life, not just childhood or adulthood.
Term
Ecological-Systems Approach a.k.a Bio-ecological Theory
Definition
The view that in the study of human development, the person should be considered in all the contexts and interactions that constitute a life.
Term
Cohort
Definition
A group defined by the shared age of it's members. Each cohort was born at about the same time and moves through life together, experiencing the same historical events and cultural shifts.
Term
Socioeconomic Status
Definition
A person's position in society as determined by income, wealth, occupation, education, and place of residence. (sometimes called social class)
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