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| When defining crime, which of the following is not one of the definitional perspectives found in contemporary criminology? |
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| "Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws" is a definition of |
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| The legalistic approach would suggest that crime is socially relative in the sense that it is created by |
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| Which of the following is not a problem with the legislative perspective? |
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| They are all problems with the legislative perspective |
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| In a __________ state, an individual may be prosecuted for violating traditional notions of right and wrong, even though no violation of written law occurred. |
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| According to John F. Galliher, legal definitions of criminality are arrived at through a __________ process. |
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| The belief that crime is the result of criteria that have been built into the law by powerful groups is the basis of the __________ perspective on crime. |
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| The belief that crime is an antisocial act of such a nature that repression is necessary to preserve the existing system of society is the basis of the __________ perspective on crime. |
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| Ron Classen sees crime primarily as |
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| an offense against human relationships |
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| The psychological perspective sees crime primarily as |
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| Which of the following statements about deviance and crime is/are true? |
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| Deviant behavior and criminal behavior overlap |
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| Because you were late for this exam, you exceeded the speed limit by about 10 to 15 miles per hour while driving to class. This is an example of behavior that is |
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| The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through |
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| The gun control debate is an example of the __________ perspective. |
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| One who studies crime, criminals, and criminal behavior is called a |
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| The official publication of the American Society of Criminology is |
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| Which of the following jobs probably would not fall within the field of criminalistics? |
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| A police officer or probation officer is best described as a |
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| criminal justice professional |
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| An academic or research criminologist generally holds a __________ degree. |
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| The number of personnel employed by private security agencies today is __________ that of public law enforcement agencies. |
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| The __________ definition of criminology literally defines the term as the study of crime. |
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| Which of the following is a disciplinary definition of criminology? |
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| Criminology is the body of knowledge regarding the social problem of crime |
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| Which of the following is not one of the three principal divisions of criminology proposed by Edwin Sutherland? |
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| The study of the criminal justice system |
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| __________ definitions focus on criminology's role in uncovering the underlying causes of crime. |
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| The field of study that is concerned primarily with the causes and consequences of crime is |
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| Criminal justice emphasizes |
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| A(n) __________ theory of crime is one that attempts to explain all or most forms of criminal conduct through a single, overarching approach. |
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| A(n) __________ theory does not necessarily attempt to explain all criminality. |
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| According to various professional groups, violence in television, music, video games, and movies |
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| may lead to increased levels of violent behavior among children |
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| According to a recent Gallup poll, the majority of respondents believed that crime in the United States is |
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| more prevalent than it was a year ago |
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| The social problems perspective holds that crime is |
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| a manifestation of underlying social problems |
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| Which of the following crime reduction or prevention strategies is most characteristic of the social problems perspective? |
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| A government-funded initiative to enhance educational opportunities among low-income individuals |
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| Which of the following statements about the social problems perspective is not true? |
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| It emphasizes crime prevention efforts such as harsher sentences and the development of rehabilitation programs |
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| The social responsibility perspective is affiliated with __________ theory. |
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| Which of the following recent developments in national crime control policy was not substantially influenced by the social responsibility perspective? |
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| The development of the Job Corps to reduce unemployment by encouraging the development of job skills |
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| The more immediate propensities and predispositions of the actors involved in the crime are known as |
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| Which of the following is not a foreground contribution by an offender? |
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| The __________ contributes to the criminal event by failing to prevent criminal activity. |
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| Which of the following is not an immediate input provided by the justice system that may enhance or reduce the likelihood of criminal occurrences? |
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| A prison that acts as a crime school |
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| A victim may actively contribute to his/her own victimization through the appearance of |
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| _________ is the process by which one acquires the cultural values of one's society. |
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| A large number of modern criminological theories fall within the framework of _________ theory. |
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