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| consists of all the environments on earth that support life - most regions of land, bodies of water, and the lower atmosphere |
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| consists of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving, physical components of the environment - air, soil, water, and sunlight |
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| entire array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem |
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| individuals of a species living in a specified area |
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| circulatory system, digestive system, or nervous system : consists of several organs working together in performing specific functions |
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| each organ is made up of this, has specific functions, and made up of a group of similar cells |
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| membrane-bound structure that performs a specific function in a cell |
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| cluster of atoms held together by chemical bonds |
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| new properties that emerge with each step upward in hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases |
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| plants and other photosynthetic organisms are this and provide the food for a typical ecosystem |
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| they eat plants and other animals |
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| constructing models for the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems, ranging from the functioning of the biosphere to the complex molecular machinary of a cell |
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| much simpler and usually much smaller than eukaryotic cells; cells of the microorganisms we commonly call bacteria |
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| subdivided by internal membranes into many different functional compartments, or organelles, including the nucleus that houses the cells DNA |
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| DNA is the substance of this; unites of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring |
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| term used for a particular type of organism |
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| kingdoms of life organized into 3 overarching groups |
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| consists of prokaryotes, organisms with prokaryotic cells |
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| consists of prokaryotes, organisms with prokaryotic cells |
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| eukaryotes, organisms with eukaryotic cells |
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| species living today are descendants of ancestral species |
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| process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are organisms with other characteristics |
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| proposed explanation for a set of observations or by designing experiments |
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| explains a great diversity of observations and is supported by a large and usually growing body of evidence |
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