Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fossilized microbial mats consisting of layers of filamentous and other microorganisms and trapped sediment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is dependent on an outside source of organic molecules for its energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"self-feeders"
Cells that evolved that were able to make their own energy-rich molecules out of simple inorganic matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the living world and its environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organisms enabled to break down those molecules by this oxygen utilizing process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
simple cells that lacked a nuclear envelope and did not have their genetic mateiral organized into complex chromosomes.
the first were heat-loving organisms called archaea (meaning "ancient ones"). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cells with nuclear envelopes, complex chromosomes, and organelles surrounded by membranes.
individual cells are usuallymuch larget than those of the bacteria, appeared about 2.1 bya and were well established and diverse by 1.2 bya. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anchor the plant in the ground and collect the water required for maintenance of the plant body and for photosynthesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provide support for the principal photosynthetic organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the principal photosynthetic organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the outer most layer of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waxy covering that retards water loss |
|
|
Term
Stomata
(singular; stoma) |
|
Definition
a pair of specialized epidermal cells with a small opening between them.
Stomata open and close in response to environmental and physiological signals, helping the plant ti maintain a balance between its water losses and its oxygen and carbon dioxidie requirements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plants with a life span of one year. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plants with a life span of longer than one year. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a stem may become thickened and woody and covered with like a cuticle covered epidermis that retards water loss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of two major components in the vascular system.
where water passes upward through the plant body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of two major components in the vascular system.
through which food manufactured in the leaves and other photosynthetic parts of the plants in transported throughout the plant body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| main group of plants that have an efficient conducting system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| embryonic tissue regions capable of adding cells indefinitely to the plant body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meristems that are located at the tips of all roots and shoots whicha are involved with the extension of hte plan body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the type of growth that originates from apical meristems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the type of growth that results in a thickening of stems and roots originating from two lateral meristems- vascualr cambium and cork cambium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vascular Cambium and Cork Cambium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is enclosed within a specialized covering (seed coat) provided by the parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the embryo, the supply of stored food, and the seed coat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communities along with nonliving environment of which they are a part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of biology that deals with plants and, by tradition, with prokaryotes, fungi and algae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| THe study of how plants function, how they capture and transform energy and how they grow and develop |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of hte form of plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of plant internal structure |
|
|
Term
| Plant taxonomy (systematics) |
|
Definition
| involving the naming and classifying of plants and the study of the relationships among them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they study of cell structure, function, and life histories |
|
|
Term
| Genomics and Genetic Engineering |
|
Definition
| the manipulation of genes to improve plant characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of strucuture and function of biological molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of past, present and future uses of plants by people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the use of plants for medicinal and other purposes by indigneous peoples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the biology and evolution of fossil plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the trapping of heat radiating from the Earth's surface out into space- is intensified thorught eh increased amounts of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, CFCs, and methane in the atmosphere resulting from human activities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to clean up polluted envrionments through plants, to stimulate hte groth of plants, to deter their pests, to control weeds in crops and to form hybrids between plants with more precision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transferring genes froma virus, a bacterium, an animal or a particular plant into an entirely different species of plant in order to produce certain charateristic in the recipient plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contain genes from entirely different species, can be made to exhibit new and extraordinary properties. |
|
|
Term
Some scientists believe that other planets in our galaxy may well contain some form of life. If you were seeking such a planet, what features would you look for?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What criteria would you use to determine wheter an entity is a form of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What rold did oxygen play in the evolution of life on earth? |
|
Definition
| Oxygen was essentially absent until photosynthetic organisms began to produce it in quantiy. Some of the oxygen molecules were converted to ozone O3 molecules, which accumulated in the outer layer of the atmosphere. As a result, ultraviolet rays (now largely blocked from the surface of the Earth by ozone) bombarded the surface of the Earth and assisted in the synthesis of some molecules and the degredation of others, particularly protein and nucleic acids. |
|
|
Term
| What advantages do terrestrial plants have over their aquatic ancestors? Can you think of any disadvantages to being a terrestrial plant? |
|
Definition
Characteristics that suit plants for life on land are a waxy cuticle, penetrated by specialized openings knwon as stomata through which gas exchange takes place, and an efficient conducting system.
Disadvantages may include dependency on water in arid places and sexual reproduction. |
|
|
Term
| Plants enter our lives in innumerable ways other than as sources of food. How many ways can you list? Have you thanked green plant today? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A knowledge of botany- of plants, fungi, algae and bacteria-is key to our understanding of how the world works. How is that knwoledge important for dealing with today's and tomorrow's problems? |
|
Definition
To be in a better porisition to assesst he important ecological and environmental issues of the day and by understanding, help to build a healthier world.
As the producers of energy containing compounds in the global ecosystem, these organisms are the route by whcih all other living things, including ourselves, obtain energy, oxygen and many other materials necessary for our continued existence. |
|
|
