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Chapter 11
Waves
20
Science
10th Grade
03/03/2008

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Term
wave
Definition
a disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space
Term
medium
Definition
the matter through which a wave travels
Term
mechanical wave
Definition
a wave that requires a medium through which to travel
Term
electromagnetic wave
Definition
a wave caused by a disturbance in electric and magnetic fields and that does not require a medium; also called a light wave
Term
transverse wave
Definition

 a wave that causes the particles of the medium to vibrate perpendicularly to the direction the wave travels

Term
longitudinal wave
Definition
a wave that causes the particles of the medium to vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels
Term
crest
Definition
the highest point of a transverse wave
Term
trough
Definition
the lowest point of a transverse wave
Term
amplitude
Definition
the greatest distance that particles in a medium move from their normal position when a wave passes
Term
wavelength
Definition
the distance between any two successive identical parts of a wave
Term
period
Definition

the time required for one full wavelength to pass a certain point

Term
frequency
Definition

the number of vibrations that occur in a 1 s time interval

Term
Doppler effect
Definition
an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving
Term
reflection
Definition

the bouncing back of a wave as it meets a surface or boundary

Term
diffraction
Definition
the bending of a wave as it passes an edge or an opening
Term
refraction
Definition
the bending of waves as the pass from one medium to another
Term
interference
Definition
the combination of two or more waves that exist in the same place at the same time
Term
constructive interference
Definition
any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the original waves
Term
destructive interference
Definition
any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original waves
Term
standing wave
Definition
a wave form caused by interference that appears not to move along the medium and that shows some regions of no vibration (nodes) and other regions of maximum vibration (antinodes)
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