Term
|
Definition
| An individual's consiten patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relativiely enduring characteristics that influence our behavior across many situations. |
|
|
Term
| Five-Factor (Big Five) Model of Personality |
|
Definition
| The idea that there are five fundamental underlying trait dimensions that are stable across time, cross-culturally shared, and epxlain a substantial proprotion of behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The observation that people tend to believe in descriptions of their personality that supposedly are descriptive of them but could in fact describe almost anyone. |
|
|
Term
| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory (MMPI) |
|
Definition
| A test used around the world to identify personality and psychological disorders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure of personality in which unstructured stimuli, such as inkblots, drawings of social situations, or incomplete sentences, are shown to participants, who are asked to freely list what comes to mind as they about the stimuli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A projective measure of personality in which the respondent indicates his or her thought about a series of 10 symmetrical inkblots. |
|
|
Term
| Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
|
Definition
| A projective measure of personality in which the respondent is asked to create stories about sketches of ambiguous situations, most of them of people, either alone or with others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to direct or inspire others to achieve goals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leaders who are enthusiastic, committed, and self-confident; who tend to talk about the importance of group goals at a broad level; and who make personal sacrifices for the group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An approach to undersatnding human behavior that focuses on the role of unconscious thoughts, feelings and memories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychodynamic psychology, the component of personality that forms the bass of our most primitive impulses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychodynamic pyschology, the component of personality that represents our sense of morality and oughts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
in psychodynamic pyschology, the component of personality that is the largely conscious controller or decision-maker of personality.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unconscious psychological strategies used to cope with anxiety and to maintain a psotive self-image. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| theories based on Freudian principles that emphasize the role of the unconscious and early experience in shaping personalty but place less evidence on sexuality as the primary motivationg force in personality and are more optimistic concering the prospects for personality growth and change in personality in adults. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| According to Carl Jung, a collection of shared ancestral memories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An approach to psychology that embraces the notions of self-esteem, self-actualization, and free will. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The set of beliefs about who we are. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positive feelings about the self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the motivation to develop our innate potential to the fullest possible extent. |
|
|
Term
| Unconditional positive regard. |
|
Definition
| behaviors including being genuine, open to experience, transparent, able to listen to others, and self-disclosing and empathetic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The basic biological unit that transmits characteristic from one generation to the next. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A complex inborn pattern of behaviors that help ensure survival and reproduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variety of research techniques that scientists use to learn about hte gentic and environmental influences on human behavior by comparing the traits of biologically and nonbiologically related family members. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A behavioral genetics study that starts with one person who has a trait of interest and examines the individual's family tree to determine the extent to which other family members also have the trait. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A behaviorali genetics study in which the data from many pairs of twins are collected and the rates of similarity for identical and fraternal pairs are compared. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A behavioral genetics study that compares biologically related people, including twins, who have been reared either separately or apart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of which genes are associated with which personality traits. |
|
|
