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Chapter 11
Tobacco
18
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2009

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Are there gender, age, or ethnicity differences among smokers?

 

Definition

- men > women

 

- young people > older people

 

- smokers get hooked in adolescence

 

- College students smoke more than general population. 

 

- Whites are greater than all.

 

Highest rate = Native Americans and Alaska Natives

 

Lowest rate= Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.

Term

What are the factors influencing the use of alcohol?

 

Definition

- behavioral dependence

 

- weight control

 

-tobacco advertising/ marketing

Term

How has advertisement affected the use of tobacco?

 

Definition
- 90% of teens prefer top 3 most advertised brands (marlboro, camel, and newport)
Term

Are there individual characteristics that influence the use of tobacco?

 

Definition

- family use

 

-peer use

 

-single parent

 

- poor student

 

- blue- collar/ low-income homes

Term

What are the 3 main substances in tobacco?

 

Definition

1. TAR

2. carbon monoxide

3. nicotene

Term

What are the carcinogens and poisons in tobacco?

 

Definition

- 43 chemicals are carcinogens

 

- poisonous substances : arsenic, H+ cyanide

 

- carbon monoxide

Term

What are the short term effects of tobacco use?  Long term?

 

Definition

Short Term:

- Stimulation/Sedation

- Damaged cilia

- Delivery of O2 to muscles

 

Long Term:

- Cancer

-Astma

-Infertility

-Emphysema

-Cardiovascular disease

Term

What are the different effects on men and women?

 

Definition

Men:

- Cancers of mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach

 

Women:

- Lung Cancer

-Heart Disease

- Fertility Problems

-Menstrual Problems

Term

Are there any benefits to quitting smoking, or is it a lost cause?

 

Definition

- Risk for health problems reduced.

 

- Health benefits begin immediately & grow more significant over time.

Term

What are the treatment/quitting options?

 

Definition

- Treatment programs

-Meds

-Quitting on your own- behavior change plan

Term

What are the different types of ETS, and how are they related to health problems?

 

Definition

ETS= Environmental Tobacco Smoke

 

- Second hand smoke or passive smoke

 

- Inhaling this smoke has serious health consequeneces.

- allergies

- 24-50% inc in lung cancer risk

      - inc asthma attacks

Term

What is a drug, drug of abuse, and substance?

 

Definition

- Drug- substance that affects structure/function of body.

 

- Drug of abuse- medical drug used for non-medical purposes.

 

Substance- Drug of abuse, medication, or toxin

Term

What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse?

 

Definition

Drug Misuse- Use of drug for unprescribed reasons, or in larger doses.

 

Drug Abuse- Use of substance in amounts, situation, or manner that it causes problems.

Term

What are the different routes of administration?

 

Definition

- Oral

- Injection

- Inhalation

- Application to mucous membranes or skin

Term

What characteristics of the person, drug, and situation influence drug effects?

 

Definition

- Drug- dose/ time response, chemical properties

 

- Person- age, gender, weight, mood, expectations

 

-Situation- Environmental experience

Term

How is drug dependence characterized?

 

Definition
- Strong craving for a drug an a compulsive use of the drug despite serious negative consequences.
Term

Describe how drugs work on the pleasure and reward circuit of the brain to cause addiction.

 

Definition
- Cause surges in dopamine and associated feelings of pleasure.
Term

What are the harm reduction strategies discussed in your book?

 

Definition

- Needle exchange programs

 

- Drug substitute programs

 

- Controlled availability

 

-Medicalization

 

- Decriminalization

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