Term
|
Definition
| The position that all knowledge comes from experience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lot of knowledge is innate. I.e. children come into the world with a lot of knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Idea that psychology should be concerned entirely with external behavior. America in the 90s was very behavioral. John Watson. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method of inquiry- highly trained observers report the contents of their own consciousnesses in a highly controlled manner. Wilhelm Wundt. Not very big in America. Influneced by British empiricism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activity of the mind and the brain is more than the sum of its parts. Kohler. Clashed with behaviorism in America. Animal research. |
|
|
Term
| Information Processing Approach |
|
Definition
| The dominant approach in cognitive psychology at a time. Attempts to analyze cognition as a set of steps in which an abstract entity called information is processed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paradigm for information processing- Judged participants reaction times to size of memory sets. Mapped out cognitive process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell that transmits electrical acitivty. Approximately 100 billion in the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Short branches attached to the soma. Receives transmissions from neighboring neurons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contact points between axon and dendrite- release neurotransmitters. Excitatory decrease potential difference. Inhibitory increase difference. Potential changes accumulate in a cell body until they reach a threshold. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bulge in the cortex. Major folds separate the different parts of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contains primary visual areas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Handles come perceptual functions (spatial processing & representation of the body. Also controls attention) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Receives input from the occipital area and is involved in object recognition. Also involved in audition and ocntains Wernicke's area (language processing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Back of frontal lobe- motor functionality. Front (prefrontal cortex) is involved with higher level processes i.e. planning and judgement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inside the temporal lobes. Critical to human memory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Basic motor control and complex cognition. (Damage can cause disorders such as Parkinson's and Huntington's. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The severe impairment of speech. Can be caused by damages to Broca's area and Wernicke's area (in the left cortex). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Language. Can be detailed in split brained patients. |
|
|
Term
| Topographical Organization |
|
Definition
| Spatial areas (such as visual) are organized spatially in the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Records electric potentials that are present on the scalp. Averages many trials to increase signal:noise. Pro: Good temporal resolution. Con: Hard to localize. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Records magnetic fields produced by the electrical activity. Pro: Better spatial resolution than ERP. Con: Can only detect near surface events. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| EEG's that are aligned to a particular stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pros: Relatively good at localizing neural activity. Con: poor at tracing time of activity. Measure metabolic rate or blow flow of regions of brain. Measure amount of work that brain does. PET uses radioactive glucose. FMRI also has pros of having better spatial resolution and being less intrusive. Measures level of oxygenated hemoglobin in parts of brain. Hemodynamic response. |
|
|
