Term
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Definition
1. Suffering
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Deviancy
4. Violations of the Standards of Society
5. Social Discomfort
6. Irrationality and unpredictability |
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Term
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Definition
1. Suffering
2. Maladaptiveness
3. Deviancy
4. Violations of the Standards of Society
5. Social Discomfort
6. Irrationality and unpredictability |
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Term
| DSM Definition of Mental Disorder |
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Definition
1. Clinically significant behavioral or psychological pattern/syndrome
2. Associated with distress/disability
3. Not merely an expected or culturally sanctioned response to an event
4. considered to reflect biological, psychological, or behavioral dysfunction in the individual |
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Term
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Definition
1. Causes distress/disability
2. Not merely a expected response to an event
3. Manifestation of mental dysfunction
4. Harmful Dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
Harmful=social values
Dysfunction = mechanism that fails to work according to its evolutionary design |
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Term
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Definition
| Anxiety disorder in Japan-marked fear that one's body, body parts, may be offensive to others. Try not to look at others(gaze might hurt them) fearful of their body odor |
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Term
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Definition
| Latina-crying, trembling, uncontrolled screaming. Often triggered by a stressful event. Usually has no memory of the incident |
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Term
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Definition
| Latina-crying, trembling, uncontrolled screaming. Often triggered by a stressful event. Usually has no memory of the incident |
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Term
| Why do we need to know how common mental disorders are? |
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Definition
| So when planning mental health facilities we know where to allocate resources to. |
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Term
| Why do we need to know how common mental disorders are? |
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Definition
| Knowing how frequently a mental disorder occurs provides valuable clues to how disorders are caused |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the distribution of diseases, disorders,or health related behaviors in a given population |
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Term
| Mental Health Epidemiology |
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Definition
| study of the distribution of mental disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevalence, point prevalence, incidence, 1 year prevalence, lifetime prevalence |
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Term
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Definition
| number of active cases in a population during any given period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of new cases in a population over a give time period. TYPICALLY LOWER THAN PREVALENCE CASES BC THEY EXCLUDE ESTABLISHED CASES |
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Term
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Definition
| estimated proportion of active live cases of the disorder in a given population at a give point in time |
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Term
| Point Prevalence-Say we measured on Jan 1st. Would those who had a disorder be included if they recovered by Jan 1st? How about someone who had a mental disorder beginning on Jan 2nd? |
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Definition
No, No
Because Point prevalence measures on 1 point in time only |
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Term
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Definition
| would count everyone who suffered from depression at any point in time throughout the entire year. As you might imagine, this prevalence figure would be higher than point prevalence |
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Term
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Definition
| estimate of the number of people who have suffered from a particular disorder at any time in their lives |
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Term
| From Lowest to Highest..point, lifetime, 1 year |
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Definition
| point prevalence, 1 year prevalence, liftime prevalence |
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Term
| Put in order...1 year, incidence, lifetime, point, lowest to highest |
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Definition
| incidence, point prevalence, 1 year prevalence, lifetime prevalence |
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Term
| The lifetime prevalence of having any disorder is |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common disorders are |
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Definition
| depressive disorder, alcohol abuse, specific phobias |
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Term
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Definition
| the term used to describe the presence of two or more disorders in the same person. |
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Term
| cornorbidity is likely to occur |
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Definition
| in people who have the most serious forms of mental disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
often treated by their family physician rather than by a mental health specialist
Vast majority of treatment is done on an outpatient basis |
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Term
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Definition
Ph. D. in psychology, with both research and clinical skill specialization.
clinical psychologists with addi-tional training are permitted, like psychiatrists, to prescribe med-ications to patients. |
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Term
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Definition
Ph. D. in psychology
Deals with adjustment problems |
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Term
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Definition
| Trained as physicians, psychiatrists are M. D. s who have completed residency training ( usually 3 years) in a psychiatric setting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ideally, a person with doctoral training in child- clinical psychology, with additional training and experience in academic and learning problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| Typically an M. D. or Ph. D. who has received intensive and ex-tended training in the theory and practice of psychoanalysis. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Problems with Case Studies |
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Definition
| 1. we only attend to data that confirms our view of how things are |
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Term
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Definition
1. prevents us from being mislead by natural thinking errors
2. Protects investigators from their own biasis |
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Term
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Definition
Freud:
1. Phobias (Hans)
2. OCD (Rat Man) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Subjected to biasis because the writer decides what information to include and what information to omit
Information is relevant only to the person being studied
Can help form hypothesis |
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Term
| Case Studies have low generalizability: |
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Definition
| cannot be used to draw conclusions about other cases |
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Term
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Definition
| can provide limited support for a particular theory or negative evidence for challenging a theory, provide information about something rare |
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Term
| What are some sources of information? |
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Definition
| Case Studies, Self Report data, direct observation, Psychophysiological variables |
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Term
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Definition
collect biological information
Use FMRI, TMS, PET, CAT |
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Term
| Clinical Research involves |
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Definition
| a mix of self report and observational methods |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why are hypotheses vital? |
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Definition
| Hypotheses are vital because they frequently determine the therapeutic approaches used to treat a particular clinical problem. Shapes how we approach we use when we study and treat disorders |
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Term
| Who should we include in the research study? |
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Definition
| Individuals who have similar abnormalities of behavior |
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Term
| We should collect a ____ becuase we can't study everyone in the population who has a mental disorder |
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Definition
| sample-representive of the people drawn from the population, which is everyone one with a mental diorder, or if studying a more specific one, then that specific disorder |
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Term
| We want our sample to mirror our larger group..True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
| Research sample would be ranomdley selected so that |
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Definition
| everyone has an equal chance of being selected |
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Term
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Definition
| The extent to which we can generalize our findings beyond the study itself is called |
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Term
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Definition
Don't exhibit the behavior
Are comparable to others with the disorder |
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Term
| Which will have a greater external validity? A research group that has different characteristics such as age, gender etc or the one that focuses on kindergarden teachers with panic disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
How confident we can be in the results of a particular given study
Extent in which methodology is sound |
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Term
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Definition
| also called a control group. A group of people who exhibit the disorder being studied |
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Term
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Definition
| the people with the disorder |
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Term
| The findings that schizo did worse than depressed/manic ruled out what possibility? |
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Definition
| Simply being a psychatric patient is linked to poor social knowledge |
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Term
| Observational Research does not involve |
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Definition
| the manipulation of variables |
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Term
| A type of Obeservational research is correlation studies |
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Definition
1. Involves no manipulation of variables
2. Takes things as they are and determines associations among observed phenomenon |
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Term
| Positive Correlation, Negative Correlation, uncorelated |
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Definition
Variables vary directly together, Variables vary inversely together
Variables are completley independent of each other |
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Term
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Definition
| Measured between +1 & -1. Tells the strength of the correlation |
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Term
| Which correlation coefficent is stronger? -.9 or +.3? |
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Definition
| -.9 because it does not matter, the sign indicates if it is positive or negative correlated .9 > .3 |
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Term
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Definition
| Level of statistical significance means that the probability of occuring by chance is less than 5 in 100 ~ worthy of attention |
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Term
| Statistically Significant is influenced by |
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Definition
| magnitude of correlation, sample size |
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Term
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Definition
| that an unknown third variable causes both events to happen |
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Term
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Definition
| learn what a patient was back before they developed a mental disorder |
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Term
| Prospective Research Study |
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Definition
| involves looking ahead in time-focus on people before they develop a disorder |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Direction of Effect problem |
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Definition
| Does A cause B or B cause A? |
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Term
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Definition
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