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Chapter 11 Test
DNA and RNA
28
Biology
10th Grade
04/28/2010

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Term
Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is __________.
Definition
the shape of a double helix
Term
Ribosomes are made of _______________.
Definition
rRNA and protein
Term
The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components?
Definition
phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars
Term
Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule?
Definition
guanine-cytosine
Term
The pairing of ____________ in DNA is the key feature that allows DNA to be copied.
Definition
nitrogen bases
Term
The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called ___________.
Definition
replication
Term
A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with ___________.
Definition
deoxyribose sugar and thymine
Term
Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
Definition
cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide
Term
Messenger RNA is formed in the process of ______.
Definition
transcription
Term
An RNA molecule is a polymer composed of subunits known as ____________.
Definition
nucleotides
Term
In which part of the cell does this process shown in Figure 11-1 take place?
Definition
at the ribosomes
Term
Which of the structures in Figure 11-1 are composed of RNA?
Definition
II and IV
Term
Structure III in Figure in 11-1 represents a(n) ____________.
Definition
amino acid
Term
The process illustrated in Figure 11-1 is called ___________.
Definition
translation
Term
Watson and Crick called the three-dimensional shape of DNA a _____________.
Definition
double helix
Term
The process of converting RNA code into an amino acid sequence is called ____________.
Definition
translation
Term
The molecule ____________ brings amino acids to the ribosomes for the assembly of proteins.
Definition
tRNA
Term
Each set of three nitrogen bases representing an amino acid is referred to as a(n) _________.
Definition
codon
Term
The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called ___________________.
Definition
DNA replication
Term
Thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine are classified as _______________________.
Definition
nitrogenous bases
Term
Watson and Crick, with the help of Rosalind Franklin, developed the _______________ model of DNA.
Definition
double helix
Term
During the process of transcription, DNA serves as the template for making _______, which leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes.
Definition
mRNA
Term
Translation is to protein as transcription is to ____________.
Definition
mRNA
Term
DNA is to RNA as double stranded is to _______________.
Definition
single stranded
Term
Adenine is to thymine as guanine is to ___________________.
Definition
cytosine
Term
Describe the process of replication.
Definition
2 strands of DNA-enzymes breaks them up to create 2 more strands , free nucleotides bond with complimentary base
Term
What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?
Definition
a codon is in mRNA and an anticodon is in tRNA.
Term
Why is tRNA important in translation.
Definition
they bring amino acids to the process
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