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Definition
| theory that humans experience a small number of distinct emotions |
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| motivation-structural rules |
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| deep-seated similarities in communication across the most animal species |
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| cross-cultural guidelines for how and when to express emotions |
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| Cognitive theories of emotion |
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Definition
| theory proposing that emotions are products of thinking, "think first, feel later" |
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| James-Lange theory of emotion |
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Definition
theory proposing that emotions result from our interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli
(bodily reaction-->interpretation-->emotion) |
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Definition
theory proposing that we use our "gut reactions" to help us determine how we should act
(ex: our heart is pounding on a date, so that helps you to decide to ask them on a second date) |
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Term
| Cannon-Bard theory of emotion |
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Definition
theory proposing that an emotion-provoking event leads to simultaneously to an emotion and to bodily reactions
(ex: see a bear in the forest, it triggers running and being scared at the same time) |
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Term
| Schachter's two-factor theory |
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Definition
theory proposing that emotions are produced by an undifferentiated state of arousal along with an attribution (explanation) of that arousal
-you are alert
-you figure out what is making you aroused, then label the arousal with an emotion |
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Term
| Unconscious influences on emotion |
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Definition
| factors outside our awareness that can affect our feelings |
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Term
| facial feedback hypothesis |
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Definition
| theory that blood vessels in the face feed back temperature information in the brain, altering our experience of emotions |
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Term
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Definition
| small number (perhaps seven) of emotions believed by some theorists to be cross-culturally universal |
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Term
| What are the primary emotions? (7) |
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Definition
-Happiness
-Sadness
-Surprised
-Anger
-Disgust
-Fear
-Contempt |
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Term
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Definition
a mixture of primary emotions
ex: alarm is a mixture of fear and surprise |
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Definition
| unconscious spillover of emotions into nonverbal behavior |
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Definition
| the study of personal space |
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Definition
| supposedly perfect physiological or behavioral indicator of lying |
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Definition
| alternative to the polygraph test that relies on the premise that criminals harbour concealed knowledge about the crime that innocent people don't |
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| questionnaires that presumably assess worker's tendency to steal or cheat |
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| discipline that has sought to emphasize human strengths |
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| theory proposing that happiness predisposes us to think more openly |
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Definition
-Marriage
-Friendship
-Postsecondary education
-Political Affiliation
-Exercise
-Gratitude
-Flow |
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Definition
| ability to predict our own and others' happiness |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that both our good and bad moods will last longer than they do |
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Definition
| tendency for our moods to adapt to external circumstances |
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Definition
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| tendencies to perceive ourselves more positively than others do |
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| strategy of anticipating failure and then compensating for this expectation by mentally overpreparing for negative outcomes |
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Definition
| psychological drives that propel us in a specific direction |
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Definition
| theory proposing that certain drives like hunger, thirst and sexual frustration motivate us to act in ways that minimize aversive states |
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Definition
inverted U-shaped relation between arousal on the one hand, and affect and performance on the other
hide yo kids, hide yo wife |
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Term
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Definition
| theories proposing that we're often motivated by positive goals |
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Term
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Definition
| a model developed by Abraham Maslow, proposing that we must satisfy physiological needs and needs for safety and security before progressing to more complex needs |
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Term
| What are the 5 components of Maslow's Hierarchy of needs? |
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Definition
Self-Actualization
Esteem Needs
Belonging Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs
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Term
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Definition
| theory that when our blood glucose levels drop, hunger creates a drive to eat to restore the proper level of glucose |
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Definition
| hormone that signals the hypothalamus and brain stem to reduce appetite and increase the amount of energy used |
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Definition
| value that establishes a range of body and muscle mass we tend to maintain |
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Definition
| theory holding that obese people are motivated to eat more by external cues than internal cues |
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Definition
| recurrent binge eating, followed by efforts to minimize the weight gain |
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Term
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Definition
| Less common than bulimia, Often lose between 35-50 percent of their body fat |
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Definition
| phase in human sexual response triggered by whatever prompts sexual interest |
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Definition
| phase in human sexual response in which people experience sexual pleasure and notice physiological changes associated with it |
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Definition
| phase in human sexual response marked by involuntary rhythmic contractions in the muscles of genitals in both men and women |
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Definition
| phase in human sexual response following orgasm, in which people report relaxation and a sense of well-being |
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Definition
| physical nearness, a predictor of attraction |
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Term
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Definition
| extent to which we have things in common with others, predictor of attraction |
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Definition
| fact that our friends prop up our sense of self or the social roles we play |
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Definition
| rule of give and take, a predictor of attraction |
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Definition
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| love marked by powerful, even overwhelming, longing for one's partner |
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Term
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Definition
| love marked by a sense of deep friendship and fondness for one's partner |
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Term
| According to the triangular theory of love, the three major elements of love are... |
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Definition
1. Intimacy
2. Passion
3. Commitment |
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Term
| According to the triangular theory of hate, what are the three main elements of hatred? |
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Definition
1. Negation of intimacy
2. Passion (despising them)
3. Commitment (to stop or harm) |
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