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temperature H20 molecules move more rapidly in _____ water than in _____ water |
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Measure of the random particles in a substance warm / cold |
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Thermometers measure _______ Volume increases or decreases according to ______ (same word) |
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| Thermochemistry deals with ____ that occur during ______ |
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| heat changes / chemical reactions |
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| The capacity to do work is ________ |
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| The energy that transfers between one obeject to another due to a temperature difference |
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| Heat flows from ____ --> _______ |
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| Energy can be ________ but cannot be ________ or ____________ |
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| converted from one form to another / created nor destroyed |
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where you focus your attention, reaction reactants & products |
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| everything in an experiment that is not a reactant of product |
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1. system releases heat 2. change in heat is negative 3. energy flows outof system to surroundings 4. surroundings heat up 5 reaction gets hot 6. heat is a product |
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1. system gains heat & surroundings cool down 2. change in heat is positive 3. system absorbs energy from surroundings (get's cold) 4. heat is a reactant |
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| the quantity of heat needed to raise the temp of 1 g pure water 1oC |
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Heat required to MELT SOMETHING q=(m)(heat of fusion) |
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Heat of vaporization ^Hvap |
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Heat required to change LIQUID TO GAS q=(m)(heat of vaporization) |
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| Variables that describe a gas: |
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1. presure kPa 2. volume L 3. Temperature K 4. amount mol |
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Pressure / Volume are inversely proportional P1xV1=P2xV2 temperature is constant |
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Volume / Temperature are Directly proportional V1 V2 T1 T2 Pressure is constant |
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Pressure/Temp relationship directly proportional P1 P2 T1 T2 Volume is constant |
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P1 x V1 P2 x V2 T1 T2 NO VARIABLES CONSTANT |
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PV = nRt (pressure)(volume)=(number of mols)(universal gas law constant)(Temperature) |
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| R= ________ kPa x L / mol x K |
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Diffusion: tendency of molecules to move from high to low concentration Effusion: Process of gas escaping through tiny holes in containers |
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Bigger molecules move slower at the same temp Rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles rate1 sqrt M2 rate2 sqrt M1 |
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no volume volume no forces attractive & repulsive forces no collisions inelastic collisions |
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