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Chapter 10 Terms
Chapter 10 Terms
24
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
10/30/2016

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Term
Prophylaxis
Definition
use of drug to prevent imminent infection of a person at risk
Term
Antimicrobials
Definition
all inclusive term for any antimicrobial drug, regardless of origin
Term
antibioticsD
Definition
substances produced by the natural metabolic process of some microorganisms (MOs) that can inhibit or destroy other MOs
Term
semisythetic drugs
Definition
drugs that are chemically modified in a lab after being isolated from natural sources
Term
Synthetic drugs
Definition
drugs produced entirely from chemical reactions
Term
Narrow-spectrum
Definition
antimicrobials effective against a limited array of microbial types

Ex. drugs specific to GP orgranisms
Term
Broad-spectrum
Definition
antimicrobials effective against a wide variety of microbial types

Ex. drugs effective against both GP and GN MO's
Term
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Definition
MIC stands for
Term
Minimum bactericidal concentration
Definition
MBC stands for
Term
MIC
Definition
The smallest concentration (highest dilution) of a drug that visibly inhibits growth
Term
Therapeutic Index
Definition
What does TI stand for
Term
Therapeutic index
Definition
the ratio of the dose of the drug that is toxic to humans as compared to it's minimum effective dose (therapeutic)
Term
Selectively toxic
Definition
kill or inhibit the actions or synthesis of molecules in microorganisms but not vertebrate cells
Term
Double-stranded RNA-activated caspase oligomerizer
Definition
What does DRACO stand for?
Term
R Factors
(Resistance)
Definition
plasmids containing antibiotic resistant genes
Term
liver
Definition
Hepatotoxic effects which organ
Term
kidneys
Definition
nephrotoxic effects which organ
Term
Cardiovascular system and blood forming tissue

Hemo=blood
Definition
Hemotoxic effects which system in body
Term
Nervous system
Definition
Neurotoxic effets which system
Term
Biota
Definition
normal microbial colonists of healthy body surfaces
Term
super infection
Definition
microbes that were once small in numbers, overgrow when normal resistant biota are destroyed by broad spectrum antimicrobials
Term
Hemo
Definition
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Term
Nephro

Kidney!
Definition
[image]
Term
Neuro
Definition
[image]
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