Term
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Definition
Provide compression to minimize swelling
Injury prevention
Provide additional stability to an injured structure |
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Term
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Definition
| Skilled, trained with experience in taping and bandaging. |
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Term
| taping overview .. negative aspects |
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Definition
Taping supplies are often expensive and may not fit institution’s budget
Tape application can be time consuming
Tape vs. Bracing – effectiveness in providing support and preventing injury
Should never be used as a substitute for rehabilitation
Must work to correct deficiency/weakness and use tape/brace as an adjunct |
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Term
| what is elastic wrap used for? |
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Definition
Compression of acute injuries – limit swelling
Secure dressing or ice pack
Provide support to injured soft tissue structure
Gauze, cotton cloth, elastic wrapping
Length and width vary and are used according to body part and size
Sizes ranges 2, 3, 4, 6 inch width and 6 or 10 yard lengths |
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Term
| how to apply elastic wrap |
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Definition
Hold wrap in preferred hand with loose end extending from BOTTOM of roll
Back surface of loose end should lay on skin surface
Pressure and tension should be standardized
Anchor is created by overlapping wrap
Start anchor at smallest circumference of limb
Body part should be wrapped in position of maximum contraction
More turns with moderate tension vs. fewer turns with maximum tension
Each turn should overlap by half to prevent separation
Begin distally and move proximally
Circulation should be monitored when limbs are wrapped |
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Term
Elastic wraps can be used to provide support for a variety scenarios..
name some |
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Definition
Ankle and foot spica
Lower leg spiral bandage (spica)
Groin support
Shoulder spica
Elbow figure-eight
Hand and wrist figure-eight
A spica is a figure-eight wrap, with one of the two loops being larger, usually surrounding a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A spica is a figure-eight wrap, with one of the two loops being larger, usually surrounding a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
This technique can be used for compression of new injuries, for holding wound dressings in place, or to stabilize / secure a smaller body part on a larger one.
Depending on the size of the ankle/foot, it is recommended to use a 2 or 3 inch (5 – 7.5cm) wrap. |
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Term
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Definition
Hip/Groin: This is used to support a groin strain and hip adductor strains.
One roll of extra-long 6 inch (15cm) elastic wrap, a roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) adhesive tape, and non-sterile cotton. One roll of extra-long 6 inch (15cm) elastic wrap, a roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) adhesive tape, and non-sterile cotton |
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Term
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Definition
This spiral wrap is widely used for covering large areas of a cylindrical part.
Depending on the size of the area, it is recommended to use a 3 or 4 inch (7.5 – 10cm) wrap |
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Term
| Upper extremity spica techniques |
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Definition
Shoulder: Used mainly for retention of wound dressings and for moderate muscular support.
One roll of extra-long 4-6 inch (10-15cm) wrap, 1.5 inch adhesive tape, and padding for axial.
Elbow: Used to secure dressing or restrain full extension.
One 3 inch roll and 1.5 inch adhesive tape.
Hand/Wrist: Used for mild wrist/hand support and for holding dressings in place. One 2 inch bandage. |
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Term
| non-elastic white adhesive tape |
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Definition
Great adaptability due to:
Uniform adhesive mass
Adhering qualities
Lightness
Relative strength
Help to hold dressings and provide stability and protection to injured areas
Comes in varied sizes (1”, 1 1/2” , 2”) |
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Term
| non-elastic white adhesive tape grade, cost, properties, tension |
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Definition
Tape Grade
Graded according to longitudinal and vertical fibers per inch
More costly (heavier) contains 85 horizontal and 65 vertical fibers
Adhesive Properties
Should adhere regularly and maintain adhesion with perspiration
Contain few skin irritants
Be easily removable without leaving adhesive residue and removing superficial skin
Winding Tension is
Critically important
If applied for protection tension must be even |
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Term
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Definition
Used in combination with non-elastic tape
Good for small, angular parts due to elasticity.
Comes in a variety of widths (1”, 2”, 3”, 4”)
Allows for expansion of body parts
Muscle during contraction, foot during WB |
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Term
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Definition
Store in a cool place
Stack so that the tape rests on its flat top or bottom to avoid distortion of the roll |
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Term
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Definition
Skin surface should be clean of oil, perspiration and dirt
Hair should be removed to prevent skin irritation with tape removal
Tape adherent is optional
Foam and skin lubricant should be used to minimize blisters
Tape directly to skin for maximum support
Prewrap (roll of thin foam) can be used to protect skin in cases where tape is used daily
Prewrap should only be applied one layer thick when taping and should be anchored proximally and distally
Preparation for Taping Cont.
Proper taping technique
Tape width used dependent on area
Acute angles = narrower tape
Tearing tape
Various techniques can be used but should always allow athletic trainer to hold on to roll of tape
Do not bend, twist or wrinkle tape
Tearing should result in straight edge with no loose strands
Some tapes may require cutting agents
Rules for Tape Application
Tape in the position in which joint must be stabilized
Overlap the tape by half
Avoid continuous taping
Keep tape roll in hand whenever possible
Smooth and mold tape as it is laid down on skin
Allow tape to follow contours of the skin
Start taping with an anchor piece and finish by applying a locking strip
Where maximum support is desired, tape directly to the skin
Do not apply tape if skin is hot or cold from treatments |
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Term
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Definition
Manual Removal
Always pull tape in direct line with body
One hand pulls tape while other hand presses skin in opposite direction
Use of scissors and cutters
Be sure not to aggravate injured area with cutting device
Using “Tape Remover”
Alcohol-based liquid useful for removing adherent
Works best when scrubbing with towel or cloth
Wash tape remover off with soap and water |
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Term
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Definition
Swimmer, diver, or water polo player might require application of adhesive tape
If waterproof tape is not available, duct tape can be used as an effective substitute |
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Term
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Definition
Supports entire plantar aspect of the foot, e.g., plantar fasciitis, arch sprain, or shin splints.
One roll of 1inch (2.5cm) and one roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Use one anchor strip around ball of foot.
Use teardrop strips at the metatarsal heads that alternate medial and lateral placements (see Figure 10-13).
Lock strips using 1.5 inch tape and encircling the complete arch |
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Term
Arch Taping
Supports entire plantar aspect of the foot, e.g., plantar fasciitis, arch sprain, or shin splints.
One roll of 1inch (2.5cm) and one roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Use one anchor strip around ball of foot.
Use teardrop strips at the metatarsal heads that alternate medial and lateral placements (see Figure 10-13).
Lock strips using 1.5 inch tape and encircling the complete arch.
Great Toe / Toe Taping
Used for taping a sprained great toe.
One roll of 1 inch (2.5cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Using the spica technique on the top of the foot, use separate tape strips (3) that encircle to the great toe and its joint.
Use a closing strip around the ball of the foot (see Figure 10-14).
Toes: Using ½ - 1 inch tape, place a pre-cut foam piece between the involved toes, then wrap two to three strips around the toes (see Figure 10-15). |
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Definition
Used for taping a sprained great toe.
One roll of 1 inch (2.5cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Using the spica technique on the top of the foot, use separate tape strips (3) that encircle to the great toe and its joint.
Use a closing strip around the ball of the foot (see Figure 10-14).
Toes: Using ½ - 1 inch tape, place a pre-cut foam piece between the involved toes, then wrap two to three strips around the toes (see Figure 10-15). |
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Term
| Closed Basket Weave Ankle Taping |
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Definition
Used for newly sprained ankles or for chronically weak ankles.
One roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Place two anchors, one at the instep of the foot and the other below the belly of the calf muscle.
Alternate strips that (a) run vertically medial to lateral covering both malleoli and (b) strip that run horizontally medial to lateral covering both malleoli.
Use overlapping strips from the malleoli to the calf anchor strip; then from malleoli to instep anchor.
End with 2-3 heel locks (see Figure 10-16). |
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Term
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Definition
Used to prevent the Achilles tendon from overstretching.
One roll of 3 inch (7.5cm) elastic tape, one roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) white adhesive tape, heel and lace pad, and tape adherent.
Procedure: Place two anchors, one at the ball of the foot and the other below the belly of the calf muscle.
Cut two strips of 3 inch elastic tape running just under the full length between the two anchor strips; apply.
Apply overlapping, encircling strips of tape above and below the malleoli to secure the longitudinal strips (see Figure 10-17). |
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Term
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Definition
To help in providing protection to the knee and aid in the rehabilitation process.
One roll of 2 inch (5cm) white adhesive tape, one roll of 3 inch (7.5cm) elastic tape, a 1 inch (2.5cm) heel lift, heel and lace pads, and tape adherent.
Procedure: Have patient stand on a 1 inch heel lift to allow slight knee flexion, then apply two anchor strips at the upper-thigh and lower leg.
Using precut elastic tape strips (12) approximately 9 inches long, stretching and apply them in the pattern (see Figure 10-18, steps 3 - 14).
Apply three strips of 2 inch white adhesive tape as shown (steps 15 – 22). Option closure with elastic wrap. |
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Term
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Definition
Used to prevent hyperextension
One roll of 1.5 inch (3.8cm) white adhesive tape, heel and lace pad, tape adherent, and 2 inch (5cm) elastic bandage.
Procedure: Loosely apply three anchor strips above and below the elbow joint while the patient’s elbow is in 90 degrees flexion.
Construct a checkrein by cutting a 10 inch and 4 inch strips of tape. Place the checkrein so it spans beyond the length of the two anchor strips for security; add additional 10 inch strips for strength.
Conclude by securing the checkrein ends with three lock strips on each end of the arm. Close with figure-eight using elastic wrap (see Figure 10-19). |
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Term
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Definition
Stabilizes and protects badly injured wrists.
One roll of 1 inch (2.5cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Apply one anchor strip around wrist with the other around the spread of the hand.
With the wrist bent to side of injury, apply X strips over the wrist joint, 3-4 sets.
Apply two or three series of figure-eight (spica) tapings over the X strips (see Figure 10-20).
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Term
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Definition
Used to give both protection for the muscle and joint and support to the thumb.
One roll of 1 inch (2.5cm) white adhesive tape and tape adherent.
Procedure: Loosely place anchor strip around wrist and other around distal end of the thumb.
From anchor to anchor covering the outside thumb, overlap four strips, then anchor the exposed ends.
Add three thumb spica strips that overlap each other (see Figure 10-21). |
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