Term
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Definition
| The process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical or chemical processes. |
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Term
| Describe chemical weathering. |
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Definition
| the process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions |
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Term
| Describe physical weathering. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through the mechanical action of other rock or sand particles. |
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Term
| How does water create abrasion? |
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Definition
| When rocks and pebbles roll along the bottom of swiftly flowing rivers, they bump into and scrape against each other. |
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Term
| How does wind create abrasion? |
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Definition
| sand and silt hitting against exposed rock, the sand eventually wears away the rock’s surface. |
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Term
| How does gravity create abrasion? |
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Definition
| when rocks fall on one another. |
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Term
| What forces cause abrasion? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do plants break rock? |
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Definition
| They send their roots into existing cracks in rocks. As the plant grows, the force of the expanding root becomes so strong that the crack widens. Eventually, the entire rock can split apart. |
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Term
| How do animals take part in weathering? |
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Definition
| They burrow through the soil and move soil particles around. This exposes fresh surfaces to continued weathering. The mixing and digging that animals do contributes to chemical weathering. |
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Term
| How is water chemical weathering? |
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Definition
| Even hard rock, such as granite, can be broken down by water. But, it just may take thousands of years. |
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Term
| What is acid precipitation? |
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Definition
| Rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago; examples include oil, coal, and natural gas |
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Term
How do acids in groundwater take
part in weathering? |
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Definition
| they react with rocks in the ground, such as limestone. A chemical reaction occurs and over time the limestone is eaten away or dissolved. |
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Term
| How do acids in living things influence weathering? |
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Definition
| Lichens produce acids that can slowly break down rock. |
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Term
| How is the air a part of weathering? |
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Definition
| The oxygen in the air is reacting with the iron in the car, causing the car to rust. |
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Term
| Describe differential weathering. |
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Definition
| a process by which softer, less weather resistant rocks wear away and leave harder, more weather resistant rocks behind. |
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Term
Describe how the shape of rock affects
weathering. |
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Definition
| The more surface area that is exposed to weathering, the faster the rock will be worn down. |
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Term
| compare climate to weather. |
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Definition
| The average weather condition in an area over a long period of time. |
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Term
| How does temperature affect weathering? |
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Definition
| Rate of chemical weathering is faster in warm, humid climates. |
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Term
How does water
affect weathering? |
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Definition
| Water also increases the rate of mechanical weathering. |
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Term
How does elevation
affect weathering? |
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Definition
| rocks at higher elevations, as on a mountain, are exposed to more wind, rain, and ice than the rocks at lower elevations are. This increase in wind, rain, and ice at higher elevations causes the peaks of mountains to weather faster. |
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Term
| How does gravity affect weathering |
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Definition
| The steepness of mountain slopes increases the effects of mechanical and chemical weathering. Steep slopes cause rainwater to quickly run off the sides of mountains. The rainwater carries the sediment down the mountain’s slope. This continual removal of sediment exposes fresh rock surfaces to the effects of weathering. New rock surfaces are also exposed to weathering. |
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Term
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Definition
| The average weather condition in an area over a long period of time. |
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