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Chapter 10
vocabulary
15
Biology
10th Grade
04/10/2015

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Term
Cell Division
Definition
Process where a cell splits into two identical daughter cells. It occurs it two main phases.

-Mitosis - division of the nucleus
-Cytokinesis - division of the cytoplasm
Term
Chromatid
Definition
two identical copies of a chromosome are designated as a sister chromatid and they are physically linked together before a cell divides
Term
Centromere
Definition
the area where two sister chromatids are tightly joined together
Term
Interphase
Definition
the phase of a cell cycle in which a cell grows to mature size and carries out typical activities
Term
Cell Cycle
Definition
the life cycle of a cell from its beginning until it divides
Term
Mitosis
Definition
the process of dividing a cell's nucleus to make two identical nuclei
Term
Prophase
Definition
the chromosomes in DNA have been copied, chromosomes have been paired.
Term
Centriole
Definition
tiny structures located in the nucleus that separate and go to opposite sides
Term
Spindle
Definition
a network of fibers that move chromosomes during mitosis
Term
Metaphase
Definition
second phase of mitosis, spindle fibers line up the sister chromatids in the center of the cell
Term
Anaphase
Definition
third phase in mitosis, sister chromatids separate at their centromeres. They become individual chromosomes. The spindle fibers move the separated chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell.
Term
Telophase
Definition
fourth phase in mitosis, 2 nuclear envelopes form around each set of chromosomes, spindle fibers break down. Cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells.
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
process of dividing the cytoplasm of a cell in two
Term
Cyclin
Definition
protein that regulates the cell cycle
Term
Cancer
Definition
a condition in which a cell grows without control and divides too much
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