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Chapter 10
the age of jackson
40
Aerospace Engineering
Kindergarten
02/25/2011

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Term
Missouri Compromise
(when, who, 3 parts, where, favors)
Definition
1820-Henry Clay saves us once again. Missouri joins the Union as a slave state. Maine (which is no longer part of Massachusetts) joins the Union as a free state. No slavery will be allowed in new territories or states formed north of the 36 degrees 30 minutes north latitude line. (except Missouri) (favors north)
Term
John Quincy Adams
(party, name, home state, coin, sig. events, rival)
Definition
Democratic Republican Party. Massachusetts. 1825-1829. one dollar coin (psst everyone has that) corrupt bargain (Henry Clay) miserable Jacksonian-attacked presidency. no real significant events outside elections. campaign based on character flaws, not polotics
Term
Henry Clay
(nickname, home state, known for)
Definition
"the Great compromiser" Kentucky. known for clever compromises to regional conflicts. saves us from civil war in 1820, 33, & 50. dies in 1852, civil war breaks out in 1861
Term
the "corrupt bargain"
(when, why, who, out of, why, why)
Definition
1824- (no candidate got a majority of electoral votes so it was up to the house) Clay, speaker of the house, throws his support towards JQA, (versus Jackson, Crawford falls ill and Clay wasn't in top three) in exchange for the office of secretary of state. (stepping stone to the presidency)
Term
Presidential Election of 1824
(what happened between who)
Definition
(all are Democratic Republican) JQA(Mass), Jackson(Tennessee), Clay(Kentucky), William Crawford(Georgia). no one gets a majority of electoral votes. HOR must choose from top 3 candidates. (Clay finished last) each state gets one vote. Clay is speaker of house and "corrupt bargain" happens
Term
Presidential Election of 1828
(who what)
Definition
JQA vs. Jackson. mudslinging. pamphlets, slogans, rallies, buttons. (American polotics would never be the same. personal attacks. Jackson wins in a land slide victory, probably because of his popularity with the frontier people
Term
spoils system
(who what)
Definition
practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidates's supporters (Jacksonian)
Term
"Five Civilized Tribes"
(who)
Definition
Cherokke, Creek, Seminole, Chicasaw, & Choctaw
(A semi-chica went to the Creek to get cherries & chocolate)
Term
nominating conventions
(what, as opposed to, first: where and when)
Definition
"caucus carcass" draws delegates from different states to nominate someone who could get two thirds of the vote. first held in 1832 in Baltimore, Maryland.
Term
protective tariff
(definition)
Definition
tariffs on imports to encourage infrastructure and national economy
Term
American System
(who, what, how)
Definition
Henry Clay's proposition to improve transportation and strengthen the economy by linking the Union through roads and canals
Term
Andrew Jackson
(when, party, nicknames, buddy, precedent, events (2))
Definition
1829-1837. Democratic Republican (Jacksonian democracy). "Old Hickory" & "Era of the Common Man". linked with TJ but TJ disliked him. Established spoils system. Battle of the Petticoats(you must socialize with my wife) kitchen cabinets. Indian Removal Act of 1830. Dissed John Marshall who ruled in favor of the Cherokee. stepped down after two terms.
Term
Era of the Common Man
(who what why)
Definition
while Jackson was president, people, especially in the West, admired him because they could relate to him. he grew up in poverty and became president and they respected that, instead of having some powdered aristocrat who treated you like dirt, they saw eye to eye.
Term
spoils system
Definition
Term
"kitchen cabinet"
(who what)
Definition
a secret and informal group of advisors that was more crucial to Andrew Jackson than any real cabinet
Term
Tariff of Abominations
(who what when)
Definition
what southerners called the tariff passed in 1828
Term
states' rights
(what)
Definition
umm..the rights of states. over the federal government
Term
nullification
(what, example)
Definition
a state that cancels a federal law (like John C Calhoun (the South) wanted to after the Tariff of Abominations)
Term
secede
(what)
Definition
to break away from the Union and form their own, independent country
Term
John C. Calhoun
(what under who, argued for)
Definition
Vice President under Jackson who argued for nullification
Term
Daniel Webster
(what from where, argued for/against)
Definition
senator of Massachusetts who attacked nullification "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseperable!"
Term
majority vs. plurality
(is)
Definition
more than half vs. largest single share
Term
Sequoyah
(who)
Definition
invented the Cherokee alphabet
Term
The Indian Removal Act
(what when)
Definition
1830-allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move west.
Term
Indian Territory
(who what when where why)
Definition
1834- created by Congress. an area in present-day Oklahoma where Native Americans were to live
Term
Worcester v. Georgia
(who what when where why)
Definition
in the 1790's, the Cherokee had been recognized as a separate nation, and refused to give up its land in the middle of georgia. Georgia kept trespassing (which is ironic) and refused to respect Cherokee laws. in 1832, the Cherokee sued and went all the way to the Supreme Court. Marshall ruled in favor of the Cherokee, but Jackson, with his military force, challenged him
Term
John Marshall
(who when)
Definition
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801-1835
Term
The Trail of Tears
(who what when where)
Definition
1835-the Cherokee exodus to land west of the Mississippi
Term
Black Hawk
(who what when where why)
Definition
1832- Sauk chieftain who led the Sauk and Fox back to Illinois to recapture the area. state militia beat them.
Term
Black Hawk
(who what when where why)
Definition
1832- Sauk chieftain who led the Sauk and Fox back to Illinois to recapture the area. state militia beat them.
Term
Osceola (ah-see-OH-la)
(who what when where)
Definition
Seminole chief who in 1835 staged the only successful resistance of their land in Florida
Term
The Second Seminole War
(who what when where how)
Definition
1835- the Seminole joined forces with runaway african-americans and using guerilla tactics ambushed Americans in Florida, eventually the US government just let them live inFlorida
Term
Nicholas Biddle
(who, hated/loved by)
Definition
president of the Bank of the United states whom Jackson loathed. Friends included Henry Clay and Daniel Webster
Term
Bank of the United States
(what)
Definition
originally chartered by Congress but run by private bankers, this powerful institution held the federal government's money and controlled much of its supply
Term
Whig Party
(what)
Definition
a new political party that included former National Republicans and other Jackson-haters
Term
Martin Van Buren
(pol. party, years, belief, sig. events)
Definition
Democrat. 1837-1841. believed in laissez-faire (limited government interference) in 1840 established an independent federal treasury.
Term
Panic of 1837
(what why)
Definition
severe economic depression probably due to the privatization of the Bank
Term
Specie Circular (Coinage Act)
(who what when)
Definition
1836- Andrew Jackson's order (carried out by Van Buren) that required payment for government land to be in gold and silver.
Term
William Henry Harrison
(pol. party, slogan, symbol, time, event)
Definition
Whig. "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too". log cabin. March-April 1841. died of pneumonia.
Term
John Tyler
(pol. party, years, events)
Definition
Whig/Democrat. 1841-1845. took office when Harrison died. was expelled from the Whig party.
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