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Chapter 10
Vocab
29
Biology
9th Grade
01/14/2014

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Term
Cell Division
Definition
Process where a ell divides into two daughter cells
Term
Asexual Reproduction
Definition
Single parent with offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
Cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
Term
Chromosome
Definition
Made of protein and DNA that contains genetic info
Term
Chromatin
Definition
found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones
Term
Cell Cycle
Definition
Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
Term
Centromere
Definition
Where two sister chromatids attach
Term
Centriole
Definition
In animal cells that helps organize cell division
always perpendicular
Term
Chromatid
Definition
one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
Term
Interphase
Definition
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
Term
Mitosis
Definition
Port of eukaryotic cell division where the cell nucleus divides
Term
Prophase
Definition
first; genetic material inside nucleus condenses and the chromosomes are visible
Term
metaphase
Definition
second; chromosomes line up across center of the cell
Term
Anaphase
Definition
third; chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
Term
telophase
Definition
fourth; distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
Term
Cyclin
Definition
Regulates timing of cell cycle in eukaryotic cells; after G1 and G2
Term
Growth Factor
Definition
Stimulate the growth and division of cells
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
programmed death in cell
Term
Cancer
Definition
Some of body's cells loose ability to control growth
Term
tumor
Definition
mass of rapidly dividing cells; can damage surrounding tissue
Term
Embryo
Definition
early stage where an organism is gradually produced
Term
differentiation
Definition
day 4, cells become specialized in structure and function
Term
totipotent
Definition
cell has the ability to become anything
Term
Pluripotent
Definition
can turn into anything except
Term
Blastocyst
Definition
hollow ball of cells, HeSC inside attaching sac
Term
Pluripotent
Definition
Cn almost become anything (except attaching sac)
Term
Stem Cell
Definition
unspecialized cell
Term
Multipotent
Definition
stem cells can only turn into cells of what they came from
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