Term
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Definition
| is a rapid appraisal of the personal significance of the situation, which prepares you for action. |
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Term
| Functionalist approach to emotion |
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Definition
| emphasizing that the broad function of emotions is to energize behavior aimed at attaining personal goals. |
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Term
| What kind of relationship do emotion and cognition have? |
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Definition
| A bidirectional one. A dynamic interplay since infancy; emotions are interwoven with cognitive processing, serving as outcomes of mastery and as the energizing force for continued involvement and learning. |
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Term
| How do emotions affect social behavior? |
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Definition
| Children's emotional signals powerfully affect the behaviors of others. Similarly, the emotional reactions of others regulate children's social behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs only when natural human communication is disrupted. |
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Term
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Definition
| children checking their environment through checking others' emotions. |
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Term
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Definition
a second, higher-order set of feelings, including:
1. Pride
2. Embarrassment
3. Shame
4. Guilt
5. Envy
They involve injury to or enhancement of our sense of self. |
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Term
| Emotional self-regulation |
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Definition
| children must master their culture's rules for when and how to convey emotion. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Happiness
2. Interest
3. Surprise
4. Fear
5. Anger
6. Sadness
7. Disgust
Are universal in humans and other primates and have a long evolutionary history of promoting survival. |
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Term
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Definition
| between 6 and 10 weeks, the parent's communication evokes a broad grin. |
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Term
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Definition
| they appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty, and decided what to do about it. |
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Term
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Definition
| which is internal, private, and aimed at controlling distress when little can be done about an outcome. |
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Term
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Definition
| all societies have rules that specify when, where, and how it is appropriate to express emotions. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to detect different emotions, to take another's emotional perspective, and to feel with that person, or respond emotionally in a similar way. |
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Term
| Prosocial (altruistic) behavior |
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Definition
| actions that benefit another person without any expected reward for the self. |
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Term
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Definition
| feelings of concern or sorrow for another's plight. |
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Term
| Affective perspective-taking |
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Definition
| inferring how another feels by imagining themselves in that person's place. |
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Term
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Definition
| early-appearing, stable individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the quickness and intensity of emotional arousal, attention, and motor action. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to strategies that modify that reactivity. |
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Term
| Thomas and Chess's Structure of Temperament |
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Definition
1. Easy child: quickly establishes regular routines in infancy, is generally cheerful, and adapts easily to new experiences.
2. Difficult child has irregular daily routines, is slow to accept new experiences, and tends to react negatively and intensely.
3. Slow-to-warm-up child: is inactive, shows mild, low-key reactions to environmental stimuli, is negative in mood, and adjusts slowly to new experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity to voluntarily suppress a dominant response in order to plan and execute a more adaptive response. |
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Term
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Definition
| who react negatively to and withdraw from novel stimuli. |
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Term
| Uninhibited (sociable) children |
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Definition
| who display positive emotion to and approach novel stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| to explain how temperament and environment together can produce favorable outcomes. Goodness of fit involves creating child-rearing environments that recognize each child's temperament while encouraging more adaptive functioning. |
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