Term
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Definition
| solutions that retain their cost advantage and can handle a corporation’s future traffic volume |
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Term
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Definition
| a surplus of traffic that briefly exceeds the network’s capacity, happening only occasionally |
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Term
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Definition
| limiting access to a network based on type of traffic |
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Term
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Definition
| examining the content of arriving packets to decide what to do with them |
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Term
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Definition
| an application or application category is given a maximum percentage of the network’s capacity |
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Term
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Definition
| duplication of a hardware device in order to enhance reliability |
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Term
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Definition
| “garbage in, garbage out.” If bad information is put into a system, only bad information can come out |
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Term
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Definition
| a popular network simulation program; focuses primarily on data link layer and internet layer performance |
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Term
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Definition
| a client, server, switch, router, or other type of device in a network |
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Term
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Definition
| the way in which nodes are linked together by transmission lines |
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Term
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Definition
| to test the accuracy of a network simulation model by comparing its performance with that of the real network. If the predicted results match the actual results, the model is validated |
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Term
| Application Characterization Environment (ACE) |
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Definition
| a network simulation program; focuses on application layer performance |
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Term
| Network Address Translation (NAT) |
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Definition
| converting an IP address into another IP address, usually at a border firewall; disguises a host’s true IP address from sniffers. Allows more internal addresses to be used than an ISP supplies a firm with external addresses |
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Term
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Definition
| program that allows a sniffer to read all packets coming out of the firm. With NAT, an eavesdropper learns only false (external) IP addresses and port numbers |
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Term
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Definition
| an IP address that may be used only within a firm. Private IP addresses have three designated ranges: 10.x.x.x, 192.168.x.x, and 172.16.x.x through 172.31.x.x |
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Term
| Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) |
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Definition
| a traffic management tool used by many ISPs |
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Term
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Definition
| in MPLS, the header added to packets before the IP header; contains information that aids and speeds routers in choosing which interface to send the packet back out |
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Term
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Definition
| router that implements MPLS label switching |
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Term
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Definition
| in MPLS, the table used by label-switching routers to decide which interface to use to forward a packet |
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Term
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Definition
| designing and managing traffic on a network |
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Term
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Definition
| router used on a server farm that sends client requests to the first available server |
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Term
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Definition
| DNS server dedicated to the domain in a host name |
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Term
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Definition
| a server that provides IP addresses for users who know only a target host’s host name. DNS servers also provide a hierarchical system for naming domains |
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Term
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Definition
| in DNS, a group of resources (routers, single networks, and hosts) under the control of an organization |
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Term
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Definition
| the second level of a DNS hierarchy, which categorizes the domain by organization type (.com, .net, .edu, .biz, .info) or by country (.uk, .ca, .ie, .au, .jp, .ch) |
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Term
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Definition
| the third level of a DNS hierarchy, which usually specifies an organization (Microsoft.com, Hawaii.edu) |
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Term
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Definition
| one of 13 top-level servers in the Domain Name System (DNS) |
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Term
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Definition
| an IP address that does not change each time a host connects to an internet; usually only given to servers |
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Term
| Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) |
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Definition
| the protocol used by DHCP servers, which provide each user PC with a temporary IP address to use each time he or she connects to the Internet |
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Term
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Definition
| IP address that is different each time the user goes on the Internet |
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Term
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Definition
| a parameter on a DHCP server that determines how many subnets the DHCP server may serve |
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Term
| Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) |
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Definition
| the protocol that allows a general way to collect rich data from various managed devices in a network |
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Term
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Definition
| a specialized type of agent that collects data on network traffic passing through its location instead of information about the RMON’s probe itself |
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Term
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Definition
| in SNMP version 1, only devices using the same community name will communicate with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| servers that centralize information about a firm |
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Term
| Group Policy Object (GPO) |
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Definition
| a policy that governs a specific type of resource on a domain |
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Term
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Definition
| top level of a directory server |
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Term
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Definition
| in directory servers, a subunit of the organizational node |
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Term
| Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) |
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Definition
| simple protocol for accessing directory servers |
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Term
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Definition
| Microsoft’s directory server product |
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Term
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Definition
| In Microsoft Windows, groupings of resources used in an organization, made up of clients and servers |
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Term
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Definition
| in Microsoft Windows, a computer that manages the computers in a domain |
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Term
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Definition
| servers in a domain that do not run Active Directory |
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Term
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Definition
| logical hierarchy of Active Directory domains |
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