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| self-feeders; sustain themselves without eating or decomposing other organisms |
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| organisms that live by eating other organisms or their by products |
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| green pigment in chloroplasts |
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| tissue in the the interior of the leaf |
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| steps in photosynthesis that occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH, evolving oxygen in the process |
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| second of two major stages in photosynthesis, involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate |
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| acceptor; (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) |
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| initial incorporation of carbon into organic compounds |
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| process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of a proton motive force generated by the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast during the light reactions of photosynthesis |
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| distance between the crests of electromagnetic waves |
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| entire range of radiation |
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| portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye, ranging in wavelength from about 400nm to about 700nm |
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| a discreet amount of light energy |
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| instrument that measures the proportions of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution |
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| graph plotting a pigment's light absorption versus wavelength |
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| can participate directly in the light reactions, which convert solar energy to chemical energy; blue-green |
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| profiles the relative performance of the different wavelengths more accurately than an absorption spectrum |
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| accessory pigment; yellow-green |
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| hydrocarbons that are various shades of yellow and orange |
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| light harvesting unit in photosynthesis, located in thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast and consisting of the antenna complex; two types of photosystems: I and II, absorbing light best at different wavelengths |
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| region of the photosystem where the first light-driven chemical reaction of photosynthesis occurs |
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| primary electron acceptor |
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| specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the chlorophyll a molecule |
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| two types of photosystems, in the thylakoid membrane, that cooperate in the light reactions of photosynthesis |
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| predominant route for electron flow |
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| noncyclic photophosphorylation |
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| ATP synthesis during noncyclic electron flow |
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| path that photoexcited electrons take, which uses photosystem I but not photosystem II |
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| cyclic photophosphorylation |
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| ATP synthesis during cyclic electron flow |
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| glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) |
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| 3 carbon sugar; carbohydrate produced directly from the Calvin Cycle |
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| RuBP carboxylase; enzyme that catalyzes first step of Calvin cycle |
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| plants where the first organic product of carbon fixation is a 3 carbon compound, 3-phosphoglycerate |
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| break down of 2-carbon molecules down to CO2; occurs in light and consumes O2 |
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| plants that preface the Calvin cycle with an alternate mode of carbon fixation that forms a 4-carbon compound as it's first product |
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| cells arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of the leaf |
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| enzyme that adds CO2 to PEP |
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| crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) |
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| mode of carbon fixation where plants take up CO2 and incorporate it into a variety of organic acids |
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| plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism |
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