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Definition
| muscular organ the size of a fist, located behind the sternum (breast bone) and between the lungs. The pumping action of the heart circulates blood throughout the body. The heart consists of two chambers, the right atrium and left atrium, and two lower chambers, the right ventricle and left ventricle. Valves of the heart keep the blood flowing in one direction. The cardiac septum separates the right and left sides of the heart. |
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| located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
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| located between the left atrium and left ventricle (mitral valve) |
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| located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and between the left ventricle and the aorta |
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| two-layer sac (pericardial sac) covering the heart (pericardial fluid allows the laers to move without friction) |
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Definition
| lies closest to the myocardium |
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| epicardium (parietal pericardium) |
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Definition
| lines the pericardial sac |
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Definition
| middle, think, muscular layer of the heart |
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| inner lining of the heart |
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| tubelike structures that carry blood throughout the body |
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| blood vessels that carry blood away from the pulmonary artery, carry oxygen and other nutrients from the heart to the body cells. The pulmonary artery, in contrast, carries carbon dioxide and other waste products from the heart to the lungs |
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| largest artery in the body, originating at the left venricle and descending through the thorax and abdomen |
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Definition
| blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. All veins, with the exception of hte pulmonary veins, carry blood containing carbon dioxide and other waste products. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. |
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Definition
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Definition
| largest veins in the body. The inferior vena cava carries blood to the heart from parts below the diaphragm, and the superior vena cava returns the blood to the heart from the upper part of the body. |
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Definition
| microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules. Materials are passed between the blood and tissue through the capillary walls |
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Definition
| composed of plasma and formed elements, such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets) |
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| liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended |
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Definition
| red blood cells that carry oxygen |
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| white blood cells that fight infection |
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| one of the formed elements in the blood that is responsible for aiding in the clotting process |
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| transparent, usually colorless, tissue fluid |
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Definition
| small, spherical bodies made of lymphoid tissue. They are found singularly or may be grouped together. The nodes act as filters in keeping substances such as bacteria from the blood. |
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Definition
| located in the left side of the abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm. In adulthood, the spleen is the largest lymphatic organ in the body. |
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Definition
| one of the primary lymphatic organs, it is located anterior to the ascending aorta and posterior to the sternum between the lungs. It plays an important role in the development of the body's immune system, particularly from infancy to puberty. Around puberty the thymus gland atrophies into connective tissue and does not function. |
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| vessel (usually refers to blood vessel) |
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| electricity, electrical activity |
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instrument used to record
(suffix) |
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abnormal reduction in number
(suffix) |
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| inflammation of the blood vessels and heart |
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| tumor composed of blood vessels |
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| spasm (contraction) of the blood vessels |
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| narrowing of a blood vessel |
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| narrowing pertaining to aorta (narrowing of the aortic valve) |
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Definition
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Definition
| hardening of the arteries |
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Definition
| hardening of fatty plaque (deposited on the arterial wall) |
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Definition
| condition of a slow heart (rate less than 60 beats per minute) |
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| disease of the heart muscle |
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Definition
| inflammation of the valves of the heart |
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Definition
| inflammation of the inner (lining) of the heart (particularly heart valves) |
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Definition
| deficiency of blood (flow) |
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| inflammation of the muscle of the heart |
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Definition
| inflammation of the outer sac of the heart |
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Definition
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Definition
| inflammation of many (sites in the) arteries |
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Definition
| abnormal state of rapid heart (rate of more than 100 beats/min) |
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Definition
| inflammation of a vein associated with a clot |
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Definition
| abnormal reduction in the number of blood cells |
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Definition
| tumor of blood (mass of blood resulting from a broken blood vessel) |
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Definition
| inflammation of the lymph glands |
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Definition
| disease of the lymph glands. Lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) is a persistent, generalized swelling of the lymph nodes often preceding the development of AIDS. |
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Definition
| tumor of lymphatic tissue (malignant) |
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Definition
| abnormal reduction of all (blood) cells |
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Definition
| enlargement of the spleen |
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Definition
| abnormal condition of a (blood) clot |
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Definition
| (blood) clot (attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein) |
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Definition
| tumor of the thymus gland |
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Term
| acute coronary syndrome (ACS) |
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Definition
| sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or myocardial infarction |
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Definition
| reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells |
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Definition
| ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall |
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Definition
| chest pain, which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle |
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Definition
| sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) |
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Definition
| acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity |
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Definition
| congenital cardiac condition characteried by a narrowing of the aorta |
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Definition
| heart abnormality present at birth |
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Term
| congestive heart failure (CHF) |
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Definition
| inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs |
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Term
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Definition
| obstruction of an artery of the heart, usually from atherosclerosis (can lead to heart attack) |
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Term
| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) |
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Definition
| condition of thrombus in a deep vein of the body. Most often occurs in the lower extremities. |
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Term
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Definition
| any disturbance or abnormality in the heart's normal rhythmic pattern (arrhythmia) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood clot of foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, quivering, non-coordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| an iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue. Can cause congestive heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis, or cancer of the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited bleeding disease most commonly caused by a deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII |
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Term
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Definition
| varicose vein in the rectal area, which may be internal or external |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant disorder of the lymphatic tissue characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually beginning in the cervical nodes |
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Term
| hypertensive heart disease (HHD) |
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Definition
| disorder of the heart brought about by persistent high blood pressure |
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Term
| intermittent claudication |
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Definition
| pain and discomfort in calf muscles while walking. A condition seen in occlusive artery disease. |
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Definition
| malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal white blood cells formed in the bone marrow |
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Definition
| a narrowing of the mitral (bicuspid) valve from scarring, usually caused by episodes of rheumatic fever |
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Term
| myocardial infarction (MI) |
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Definition
| death (necrosis) of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (heart attack) |
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Term
| peripheral arterial disease (PAD) |
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Definition
| disease of the arteries, other than those of the heart and brain, that affects blood circulation, such as atherosclerosis and Raynaud disease. The most common symptom of peripheral atherosclerosis is intermittent claudication. |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammatory disease, usually occurring in children and often after an upper respiratory tract streptococcal infection |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by one or more episodes of rheumatic fever |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary, chronic hemolytic disease characterized by crescent- or sickle-shaped red blood cells (incurable disease) |
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Term
| varicose veins (varicosities) |
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Definition
| distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities |
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Definition
| surgical repair of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| suturing of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of fatty plaque (from a blocked artery using a specialized catheter and a rotary cutter) |
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Term
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Definition
| excision within an artery (excision of a plaque from the arterial wall). This procedure is usually named for the artery to be cleaned out, such as carotid endarterectomy, which means removal of plaque from the wall of the carotid artery. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from (within) the outer sac of the heart (pericardium) (used to treat cardiac tamponade) |
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Definition
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Definition
| incision into a vein (to remove blood or to give blood or intravenous fluids) (venipuncture) |
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Definition
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Definition
| surgical fixation of the spleen |
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Definition
| excision of the thymus gland |
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Definition
| surgical excision of an aneurysm |
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Definition
| infusion of normal bone marrow cells from a donor with matching cells and tissue to a recipient with a certain type of leukemia or anemia |
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Definition
| battery-powered or nuclear-powered apparatus implanted under the skin to regulate the heart rate |
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Term
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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Definition
| surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to heart muscle by detouring around blocked arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| a supportive scaffold device implanted in the coronary artery. Used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy |
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Term
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Definition
| application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of an embolus or clot |
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Term
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Definition
| surgery to establish an alternate route from femoral artery to popliteal artery to bypass an obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of hemorrhoids, the varicosed veins in the rectal regions |
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Term
| implantable cardiac defibrillator |
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Definition
| a device implanted in the body that continuously monitors the heart rhythm. If life threatening dysrhythmias occur the device delivers an electric shock to convert the dysrhythmia back to a normal rhythm |
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Term
| intracoronary thrombolytic therapy |
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Definition
| an injection of an intravenous medication to dissolve blood clots in coronary (blood) vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser beam) to open blocked arteries, especially in lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical procedure to repair a stenosed mitral valve by breaking apart the leaves (commissures) of the valve |
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Term
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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Definition
| procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel into a coronary artery to the area where plaque is formed. Inflation of the balloon compresses the plaque against the vessel wall, expanding the inner diameter of the blood vessel, which allows the blood to circulate more freely (balloon angioplasty) |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray imaging of a blood vessel (after an injection of contrast medium; the procedure is named for the vessel to be studied, for example, femoral angiography) |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used for visual examination of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray image of the aorta (after an injection of contrast medium) |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray image of an artery (after an injection of contrast medium) |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray image of a vein (after injection of contrast medium) |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray imaging of a vein (after an injection of contrast medium) |
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Term
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Definition
| record of the heart (structure and motion) using sound. Used to detect valvular disease and evaluate the heart during stress testing. |
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Term
| electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) |
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Definition
| record of the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| process of recording the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| red cell count (number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood) |
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Term
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Definition
| separated blood (volume percentage of erythrocytes in whole blood after separation by centrifuge) |
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Term
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Definition
| white cell count (number of white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood) |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray imaging of the lymphatic vessels (after an injection of contrast medium) |
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Term
| digital subtraction angiography (DSA) |
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Definition
| a process of digital x-ray imaging of the blood vessels that "subtracts" or removes structures not being studied |
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Term
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Definition
| a study that uses sound for detection of blood flow within the vessels. Used to assess intermittent claudication, deep vein thrombosis, and other blood flow abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| a study that evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding a bike or walking on a treadmill. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, and nuclear medicine scanning are three types of tests performed to measure cardiac function while exercising. Echocardiography is fast becoming the preferred choice of testing over electrocardiography. |
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Term
| single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
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Definition
| a nuclear medicine scan that visualizes the heart from several different angles. A tracer substance such as sestamibi or thallium is injected intravenously. The SPECT scanner creates images from the tracer absorbed by the body tissues. It is used to assess damage to cardiac tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| a nuclear medicine test used to diagnose coronary artery disease and assess revascularization after coronary artery bypass surgery. Thallium, a radioactive isotope, is injected into the body intravenously; a radiation detector is placed over the heart and images are recorded. Thallium is taken up by the normal myocardial cels, but not in ischemia or infarction. These areas are identified as "cold" spots on the images produced. Thallium testing can be performed when the patient is at rest or it can be part of a stress test. |
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Term
| transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) |
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Definition
| an ultrasound test that examines cardiac function and structure by using an ultrasound probe placed in the esophagus, which provides views of the heart structures |
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Term
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Definition
| an examination to determine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels. A catheter is passed into the heart through a blood vessel and is used to record pressures and injects a contrast medium, enabling the visualization of the great vessels and the heart chambers. Used most frequently to evaluate chest pain and coronary artery disease. |
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Term
| impedance plethysmography |
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Definition
| measures venous flow of the extremities with a plethysmograph to detect clots by measuring changes in blood volume and resistance (impedance) in the vein. Used to detect deep vein thrombosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| device used for measuring blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument used to hear sounds produced by the heart, lungs, and bowels |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test to determine the time it takes for blood to form a clot |
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Term
| complete blood count (CBC) |
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Definition
| basic blood screening that includes tests on hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell morphology (size and shape, leukocyte count, and white blood cell differential (types of WBCs) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to determine the concentration of oxygen-carrying components (hemoglobin) in red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to determine certain coagulation activity defects and to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking Coumadin, an oral anticoagulant medicine. (Activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is used to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking heparin, an intravenous anticoagulant medication) |
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Term
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Definition
| needle puncture to remove bone marrow for study, usually from the sternum or ilium. Used to diagnose blood cell diseases, such as leukemia and anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the atrium and ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats diseases of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the heart (a branch of medicine that deals with disease of the heart and blood vessels) |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the blood (a branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the blood) |
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Term
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Definition
| formation of blood (cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| dissolution of (red) blood (cells) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| condition of (body) temperature that is below (normal sometimes induced for various surgical procedures, such as bypass surgery) |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within the vein |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of plasma (from withdrawn blood) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hearing sounds within the body through a stethoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure exerted by the blood against the blood vessel walls. A blood pressure measurement written as systolic pressure (120) / diastolic pressure (80) is commonly recorded as 120/80. |
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Term
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) |
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Definition
| emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation and external cardiac massage |
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Term
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Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles relax between contractions (diastolic is the lower number of a blood pressure reading) |
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Term
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Definition
| occurring outside the body. During open heart surgery extracorporeal circulation occurs when blood is diverted outside the bod to a heart-lung machine. |
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Term
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Definition
| escape of blood from the blood vessel into the tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| a short-duration humming sound of cardiac or vascular origin |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure that is above normal (greater than 140/90) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure that is below normal (less than 90/60) |
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Term
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Definition
| space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| to close tightly, to block |
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Term
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Definition
| tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the part beneath |
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Term
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Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract (systolic is the upper number of a blood pressure reading) |
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Term
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Definition
| agent or nerve that narrows the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| agent or nerve that enlarges the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| puncture or a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion |
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Term
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Definition
| agent that slows the clotting process |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| liquid portion of the blood in which elements or cells are suspended and that contains some of the clotting factors |
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Term
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Definition
| liquid portion of the blood without the clotting factors |
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Term
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Definition
acute coronary syndrome
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
atrioventricular
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
blood pressure
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
coronary artery bypass graft
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
coronary artery disease
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
complete blood count
(abbreviation) |
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Term
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Definition
coronary care unit
(abbreviation) |
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Term
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Definition
congestive heart failure
(abbreviation) |
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Term
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Definition
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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Term
|
Definition
digital subtraction angiography
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
deep vein thrombosis
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
electrocardiogram
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
echocardiogram
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
hematocrit
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
hemoglobin
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
hypertensive heart disease
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
impedance plethysmography
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
intravenous
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
myocardial infarction
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
peripheral arterial disease
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
prothrombin time
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
red blood cell (erythrocyte)
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
single-photon emission computed tomography
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
transesophageal echocardiogram
(abbreviation) |
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Term
|
Definition
white blood cell (leukocyte)
(abbreviation) |
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|
