Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rungs on a ladder of analysis, with lower levels tied most closely to biological influences and higher levels tied most closely to social influences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| variations among people in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| belief that we see the world precisely as it is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| testable prediction derived from a scientific theory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency to seek out evidence that supports our hypotheses and deny, dismiss, or distort evidence that contradicts them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency to stick to our initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assertion about the world that is not testable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| set of claims that seems scientific but aren't |
|
|
Term
| Ad hoc immunizing hypothesis |
|
Definition
| escape hatch or loophole that defenders of a theory use to protect their theory from falsification |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency to perceive meaningful connections among unrelated phenomena |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency to perceive meaningful images in meaningless visual stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| theory proposing that our awareness of our death leaves us with an underlying sense of terror with which we cope by adopting reassuring cultural worldviews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| approach of evaluating all claims with an open mind but insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| set of skills for evaluating all claims in an open-minded and careful fashion |
|
|
Term
| Correlation-causation fallacy |
|
Definition
| error of assuming that because one thing is associated with another, it must cause the other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| capable of being disproved |
|
|
