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| score that falls at 50th percentile, cutting distribution in half |
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| explanation using integrated set of principles that organizes and predicts behaviors or events |
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| most frequently occurring score |
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| descriptive research strategy in which one person is studied in great depth |
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| measure of variation computed as the difference between the highest and lowest scores |
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| measure of central tendency computed by adding the scores in a distribution and dividing by the number of scores |
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| descriptive technique in which a representative, random sample of people is questioned about their attitudes or behaviors |
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| depiction of the relationship between two sets of scores by means of graphed cluster of dots |
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| condition in which research participants are exposed to the independent variable being studied |
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| in an experiment, the variable being manipulated and tested by the investigator |
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| research method in which behavior is observed and recorded in naturally occurring situations without any manipulation or control |
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| precise definition of the procedures used to identify a variable |
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| careful reasoning that examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions |
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| bias in which we believe, after learning an outcome, that we could have foreseen it |
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| control procedure in which neither the experimenter nor the research participants are aware of which condition is in effect |
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| testable prediction, often implied by a theory |
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| measure that indicates the extent to which one factor predicts another factor |
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| experimental condition in which the treatment of interest is withheld |
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| when a research participant's expectations produce the results of an experiment |
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| sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being included |
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| division of the nervous system that connects the brain and spinal cord to the body's sense receptors, muscles, and glands |
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| located on the sides of the brain, these lobes contain the auditory areas, which receive information from the ears |
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| located at the back of the frontal lobe, the part of the cortex that controls voluntary movement |
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| located just behind the forehead, these lobes are involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgments |
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| glands that produce the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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| located in the brainstem, the structure controls breathing and heartbeat |
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| thin outer covering of the cerebral hemispheres |
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| junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron |
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| amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity of the brain |
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| technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of brain structures |
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| located at the back and base of the brain, these lobes contain the visual cortex, which receives info from the eyes |
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| part of the limbic system involved in regulation of the emotions of fear and rage |
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| limbic system structure that regulates hunger, thirst, and body temperature and contains the so-called reward of centers of the brain |
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| large band of neural fibers that links right and left hemispheres |
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| technique that measures level of activity of different areas of the brain by tracing their consumption of a radioactive form of glucose |
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| neural impulse generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane |
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| neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contractions |
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| simple, automatic inborn response to a sensory stimulus |
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| doughnut-shaped neural system that plays an important role in the regulation of emotions and basic physiological drives |
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| natural opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and pleasure |
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| division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of internal organs |
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| body's slower chemical communication system, consisting of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
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| situated between the frontal and occipital lobes, these lobes contain the sensory cortex |
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| extension of a neuron that sends impulses to other nerve cells or to muscles or glands |
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