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| the group 1A elements, which are highly reactive |
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| the group 2A elements, which are fairly reactive metals |
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| a weighted average of the masses of each naturally occuring isotope of an element; atomic mass is the average mass of the atoms of an element |
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the unit commonly used to express the masses of protons, neutrons, and nuclei. 1 amu= 1.66x10-24 g |
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(Z) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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| a fundamental property of protons and electrons. Charged particles experience forces suchthat like charges repel and unlike charges attract |
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| a one or two letter abbreviation for an element. chemical symbols are listed directly below the atomic number in the periodic table |
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| a (-) charged particle that occupies most of the atom's volume but contributes almost non of it's mass |
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| a group of elements that have similar outer electron configurations and therefore similar properties. families occur in verticle columns in the periodic table |
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| elements that have similar outer electron configurations and therefore similar properties. goups occur in verticle columns |
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| the group 7A elements: which are very reactive nonmetals |
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| an atom or groups of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, so that it has an electric charge |
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| atoms with the same number of protons but differnt number of neutrons |
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| groups 1A-8A on the periodic table. these groups tend to be predictable based on their position in the periodic table |
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| the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atom |
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| those elements that fall along the boundry between the metals and the nonmetals in the periodic table; their properties are intermediate between those of metals and those of nonmetals |
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| elements that tend to lose electrons in chemical reactions. they are found at the left side and in the center of ther periodic table |
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| a nuclear particle with no electrical charge and nearly the same mass as a proton |
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| the group 8A elements, which are chemically inert gases |
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| elements that tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions. they are found at the upper right side of the periodic table |
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| the energetic particles emitted from the nucleus of an atom when it is undergoing a nuclear process |
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| nuclear thoery of an atom |
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| a theory stating that most of the atom's mass and all of it's (+) charge is contained in a small, dense nucleus. most of the volume of the atom is empty space occupied by (-) charged electrons |
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| the small core containing most of the atom's mass and all of its (+) charge. the nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons |
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| percent natural abundance |
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| the % amount of each isotope of an element in a naturally occuring sample of the element |
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| a law that states that when the elements are arranged in order of increasing relative mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically |
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| an arrangement of the elements inwhich atomic number increases from left to right and elements with similar properties fall in columns called families or groups |
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| a(+) charged nuclear particle. a proton's mass is approximately 1amu |
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| describes a substance that emits tiny, invisible energetic particles from the nuclei of its component atoms |
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| a compound or element exhibiting intermediate electrical conductivity that can be changed and controlled |
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| the elements in the middle of the periodic table whose properties tend to be less predictable based simply on their postioin in the periodic table. |
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the elements in the middle of the periodic table whose properties tend to be less predictable based simply on their position in the periodic table. Transition metals lose electrons in their chemical reactions, but do not necessarily acquire nobel gas configurations |
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