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| All the material within the cell membrane other than the nucleus |
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| Tasteless, oderless, colorless gas produced by the body cells during the metabolice process |
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| any type of nodular, inflammatory lesion; usually small; may be granular, firm and persistent and may contain compactly grouped mononuclear phagocytes |
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| Moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment; also called "mucous membrane" |
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| Viscous, slippery secretion of mucous membranes that acts as a lubricant and coats and protects many epithelial surfaces, especially the respiratory and genital tracts |
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| Notsril; opening to the nasal cavity |
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| Tasteless, orderless, colorless gas essential for human respiration |
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| Symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
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| Inability of the cardiac and pulmonary systems to maintain an adequate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs |
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| Wall dividing two cavities; for example, the nasal septum that separates the nostrils |
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| Secretions produced in the lungs and bronchi that are expelled by coughing and may contain such pathological elements as cellular debris, mucus, blood, pus, caseous materials, and microorganisims |
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| Severe, prolonged asthma attack that does not respond to repeated doses of bronchodilators and may lead to respiratory failure and death |
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| Lipoprotein that decreases the surface tension of alveoli and contributes to their elasticity, thereby reducing the work of breathing |
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| Excessive acidity of body fluids, commonly associtate with pulmonary insufficiency and the subsequent retention of carbon dioxide |
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| Absence of or decrease in the sense of smell |
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| Temporary loss of breathing |
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| Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen |
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| Collapsed r airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of a lung |
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| Cheyne-Stokes respiration |
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| Repeated breathing pattern characterized by flucuation in the depth of respiration,first deeply, then shallow, the not at all |
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| Ease with which lung tissue can be streched |
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| Head cold, upper repiratory infection (URI) |
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| Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungs characterized by resonant, barking cough; suffocative and difficult breathing; laryngeal spasm, and sometimes, the formation of a membrane |
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| Displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils |
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| Sever, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structure that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age |
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| nosebleed; nasal hemorrhage |
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| enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, commonly associated with pulmonary disease |
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| deficiency of oxygen in the blood; also called "anoxemia" |
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| Absence or deficiency of oxygen in the tissues; also called "anoxia" |
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| acute infectious disease characterized by a cought that has a "whoop" sound, also called "whooping cough" |
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| inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughting or deep breathing; also called "pleuritis" |
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| Generally occupational disease caused by inhaling dust particles including coat dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron (siderosis) and asbestos (asbestosis) |
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| Accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung tissues and alveoli, caused most commonly by heart failure |
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| Mass of undissovled mater (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria)in the pulmonary arteries or its branches |
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| Abnormal repiratory sound heard on ausculation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia or when air enters moisture-filed alveoli; also called "crackle" |
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| Adventitious breath sound that resembles snoring, commonly seggesting secreations in the larger airways |
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| High-pitched, harsh adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway |
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| sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) |
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| Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal and healthy infant; usually less than 12 months of age, also called "crib death" |
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| Whistling or sighing sound on ausculation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway |
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| Intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a postive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen |
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| Noninvasive method of monitoring the precentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen, also called "pulse oximetry" |
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| Test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recording of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement (electrooculogram), respiratory rate, bood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and , sometimes direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera |
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| pulmonary function studies |
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| Multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane |
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| measurement of ventilatory ability by assessing lung capacity and flow including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air |
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| Visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor |
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| Visual examination of the inside of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities |
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| Visual examination of the mediastinal structures including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes |
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| arterial blood gasses (ABGs) |
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| Test that measures the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pH (acidity or alkalinity), and bicarbonate level of an arterial blood sample |
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| Microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias |
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| Measurement of the amount of salt (sodum chloride) in sweat |
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| Test used to identify pathogens, espcially group A streptococci |
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| Producing images using an x-ray that is passed through the body or area and captured on a film |
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| Term used to describe a computed image by modality (such as CT scan, MRI scan, and nuclear scan) or structure (such as thyroid scan and bone scan) |
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| A cross-sectional view of the chest taken with or without an injected contrast medium to visualize injuries, tumors, fluid in the lungs or other pathologies |
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| Nuclear scanning procedure commonly used to diagnose blodd clots and pulmonary emboli |
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| Inhalation of a microdrops of medication directly into the respiratory system via a nebulizer (liquid), metered-dose inhaler (gas), or dry-powder inhaler (solid) |
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| Irrigating or washing out of an organ, stomach, bladder, bowel, or body cavity with a stream of water or other fluid |
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| Irrigation of the paranasal sinuses usually performed to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed medical management |
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| Positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs |
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| Reconstructive surgery of the nose to correct deformities or for cosmetic purposes |
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| Excision of a part of the pleura, usually parietal |
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| Excision of a lung or lobe (lobectomy) of the lung |
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| Surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures |
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| surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called "pleuroccentesis or thoraocentesis" |
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Relieve nasal congestion and seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms
Generic/Trade names:
fexofenadine/Allegra
loratadine/Claritin
diphenhydramine/ Banadryl |
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Relieve or suppress coughing (non-productive dry)
Generic/Trade names:
hydrocodone/Hycodan
codeine/ none
dextromethorphan/Benylin DM, Sucrets, Vicks Formula 44 |
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Relax smooth muscle surrounding the bronchi resulting in increased air flow
Generic/Trade names:
albuterol/Proventil, Ventolin
salmeterol/Serevent |
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Treat chronic lung disease (including asthma) by suppressing the immune response and decreasing inflammation
Generic/Trade names:
beclomethasone dipropionate/Vanceril, Beclovent
triamcinolone/Azmacort |
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Decrease mucous membrane swelling to alleviate nasal stuffiness
Generic/Trade names:
oxymetazoline/Afrin, Dristan, Sinex
pseudoephedrine/Drixoral, Sudafed |
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Reduce the thickness or viscosity of sputum
Generic/Trade names:
guaifenesin/Robitussin
iodinated glycerol/Organidin |
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| acid-fast bacillus (TB organism) |
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| acute respiratory distress syndrome |
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| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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| cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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| chest x-ray, chest radiograph |
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| diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus |
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| intermittent positive-pressure breathing |
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| infant respiratory distress syndrome |
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| magnetic resonance imaging scan |
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| nebulized mist treatments |
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| posteroanterior; pernicious anemia |
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| partial pressure of carbon dioxide |
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| "Pneumocystis carinii" pneumonia |
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| symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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| paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
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| partial pressure of oxygen |
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| respiratory distress syndrome |
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| arterial oxygen saturation |
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| sudden infant death syndrome |
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| tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
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| temperature, pulse, and respiration |
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| upper respiratory infection |
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| receptors for the sense of smell |
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| collection of lymphoid tissue |
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| small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles |
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| small branches off the bronchi |
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| 5 total - 3 in right lung; 2 in left lung |
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| space between right and left lungs; contains heart, aorta, esophagus, bronchi |
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| serous membrane that envelopes the lobes of the lungs & folds over to line the walls of the thoracic cavity |
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| innermost membrane lying next to the lung |
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| outermost membrane which lines the thoracic cavity |
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| cavity located between the viceral & parietal pleura contain a small amount of lubricating fluid which allows for the visceral pleura to glide over the parietal pleura during breathing |
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| herediatry disorder of the exocrine glands that causes the body to secret viscous mucus that clogs ducts or tubes of the pancreas, digestive tract & sweat glands - due to excess mucus the body's immune system will attack the lungs |
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