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Chap 11
Memory and Amnesia
43
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
03/24/2010

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Term
explicit memories
Definition
conscious memories
Term
implicit memories
Definition
unconscious memories
Term
anterograde amnesia
Definition
unable to form new memories
Term
retrograde amnesia
Definition
unable to remember past memories
Term
memory consolidation
Definition
transfer of short term memories to long term memorie
Term
repetition priming tests
Definition
tests developed to assess implicit memory
Term
semantic memory
Definition
explicit memories based on facts or logic
Term
episodic memories
Definition
explicit memories that one has experienced
Term
Korsakoff's syndrome
Definition
disorder of memory that is common in people of have consumed large amounts of alcohol. Disorder is attributed with thiamine deficiency.
Term
re-consolidation
Definition
when memory is retrieved from long term and put into short term it is then vulnerable to traumatic amnesia.
Term
standard consolidation theory
Definition
short term memory is stored in hippocampus until stored into a more stable cortical system
Term
multiple trace theory
Definition
theory that memories are stored in hippocampus and other cortical structures for as long as they exist
Term
entorhinal cortex
Definition
the cortex within the rhinal fissure
Term
perirhinal cortex
Definition
cortex around the rhinal fissure. PLAYS A HUGE ROLE IN OBJECT RECOGNITION.
Term
cognitive map theory
Definition
theory proposed by O'Keefe and Nadal: hippocampus constructs and stores allocentric maps of the external world from sensory inputs.
Term
configural association theory
Definition
hippocampus plays a role in retention from a combination of stimuli not just a single stimuli.
Term
Hebb's theory
Definition
old learning theory stating: where the synapses oscillate to make memory stronger
Term
long term potentiation
Definition
facilitation of synaptic transmission following high-frequency electrical stimulation applied to pre-synaptic neurons.
Term
NMDA receptor (N-methyl-d-aspartate)
Definition
receptor for glutamate-- the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
Term
Rhinal Cortex
Definition
plays huge role in object recognition
Term
lobectomy
Definition
operation where a lobe is removed from the brain
Term
lobotomy
Definition
operation when the lobe is separated from the brain but not removed.
Term
bilateral medial temporal lobectomy
Definition
removal of the medial portions of both temporal lobes including most of the hippocampus and amygdala
Term
set point assumption
Definition
we eat to maintain a set point of energy
Term
digestion
Definition
process of breaking down food and absorbing its constituents into the body
Term
lipids
Definition
fats
Term
amino acids
Definition
the breakdown products from protein
Term
glucose
Definition
simple sugar that is broke down from carbohydrates
Term
cephalic phase
Definition
phase of energy metabolism that prepares the body for eating.
Term
absorptive phase
Definition
phase when the energy is absorbed into the bloodstream
Term
fasting phase
Definition
phase when all the un-stored energy from previous meal has been used and the body is withdrawing energy from its reserves.
Term
gluconeogenesis
Definition
conversion of protein to glucose
Term
glucose
Definition
blood sugar
Term
glycogen
Definition
storage form of glucose in live and muscles
Term
fatty acids
Definition
primary type of fat used my muscles
Term
triglycerides
Definition
storage form of fat in muscle and adipose tissue
Term
positive incentive theory
Definition
humans and other animals are driven to eat by the anticipated pleasure
Term
ventromedial
Definition
a satiety center
Term
lateral
Definition
the hunger center
Term
aphagia
Definition
complete cessation of eating
Term
adipsia
Definition
complete cessation of drinking
Term
lipogenesis
Definition
production of body fat
Term
lipolysis
Definition
breakdown of body fat to utilize energy
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