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| bundle of physical service and symbolic attributes designed to satisfy a customer's wants and needs |
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| tangible products customers can see, hear, smell, taste, or touch |
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| one way to distinguish services from goods |
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| hiring workers to do jobs from their homes |
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| product destined for use by ulitmate sonsumers |
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| product that contributes directly or indirectly to the output of other products for resale also called industrial or organizational product. |
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| impulse goods and services |
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| are purchased on the spur of the moment |
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| convenience goods and services consumers constantly replenish to maintain a ready inventory: gasoline, shampoo and dry cleaning |
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| goods and services consumers want to purchase friequently immediatel and with minimal effort |
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| marketed to sonsumers who may not yet recognize any need for them |
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| products consumers purchase after comparing competing offerings |
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| offer unique characteristics that cause buyers to prize those particular brands |
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| specialty products of the business market |
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| capital items that tyically cost less and last for shorter periods than installations |
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| might be used to contact potential customers in its own geographic area |
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| component parts and materials |
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| where bus buyers use intallations and accessory equipment in the process of producing their own final products |
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| farm products and national resouces |
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| constitute the regular expenses a firm incurs in its daily operations |
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| suppliers are also called 1. maintenance equiment 2 repair items 3 operationg supplies |
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| intangible products firms buy to facilitate their production and operating processors |
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| total quality managment tqm |
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| continuous effort to improve products and work processes with the goal of achieving customer satifaction and worl-class prerformance |
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| the point at which the customer and service pronider interact |
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| refers to the expected and perceived quality of a service offering and it has a huge effect on the competitiveness of a company |
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| series of related products offered by one company |
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| assortment of product lines and individual product offerings |
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| number of product lines the firm offers |
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| refers to the number of differentt products a firm sells |
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| refers to variations in each product the firm markets in its mix |
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| adds individual offering that appeal to different market segments while remaining closely related to the existing product line |
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| progression of a product through introduction growth maturity and decline stages |
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| a firm works to stimulate demand for the new market entry |
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| begins when a firm starts to realize substantial profits from its investment |
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| platau as the backlog of potential customers dwindles(competitors have entered market) |
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| innovations of shifts in consumer preferences bring about an absolute decline in industry sales |
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| name term sign symbol design or some combination that identifies the products of one firm while differentiating them from that of the competition |
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| consumer awareness and identifiation of a brand |
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| consumer reliance on previous experiences with a product to choose that item again |
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| consumer refusal of alternatives and extensive search for desired merchandise |
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| products characterized by plain labels, no advertising, and the absence of brand names |
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| brand name owned by a manufacturer or other producer |
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| brands offered by whlesaleres and retailers |
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| national brands sold exclusively by a retail chain |
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| single brand name that identifies several related products |
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| identifies the item it self |
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| added value that a respected well-known brand name gives to a product in the marketplace |
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| product management system in which a category manager with profit and loss responsibility oversees a product line |
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| part of a brand consisting of letters bumbers or workds that can be spoken and that identifies and distinguishes a firm's offerings from those of its competitors |
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| symbol or pictorial design that distinguishes a product |
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| brand for which the owner claims exclusive legal protection |
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| visual cues used in branding create an overall look sometimes |
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| universal product code (UPC) |
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| designation is another important aspect of a label or package (1974) |
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| strategy of attaching a popular brand name to a new product in an unrelated product category |
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| new size style or related product |
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| market penetration strategy |
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| seeks to increase sales of existing products in existing markets |
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| refers to consumers perception of a product;s attributes uses quality and advantages and disadvantages relative to competing brands |
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| market development stragy |
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| concentrates on finding new markets for existing products |
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| refers to the introducton of new products into identifable or established markets |
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| product diversification strategy |
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| fouces on developing entirely new products for new markets |
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| stages consumers go through in learning about a new product trying it and deciding whether to purchase it again |
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| ppl who purchase new products almost as soon as the products reach the market |
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| process by which new goods or services are accepted in the marketplace |
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| gathers a group of specialists from different areas of an organization to work together in developing new products |
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| intermediary that takes title to the goods it handles and then distributes these goods to reailers |
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| carries goods directly from a producer to the business purchaser or ultimeruse |
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| marketing strategy in which a producer establishes direct sales contact with its product's final users |
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| movement of products through more than one 's channel to reach the firms target market |
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| channels designed to return goods to their producers |
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| distribution of a product through all available channels |
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| distribution of a product through a limited number of channels |
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| distribution of aproduct through a single wholesaler or retailer in a specific geographic region |
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| dominant and controlling member of a marketing channel |
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| goods produced for overseas market often at reduced prices |
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| vertical marketing sjystem (VMS) |
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| planned channel sytem designed to improved ditribution efficiency and cost effectiveness by integrating various functions throughout the distribution chain |
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| a firm attempts to control downstream distribution |
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| when a manufacture attempts to gain greater control over inputs in its production process |
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| complete sequence of suppliers and activites that cotribute to the creation and delivery of merchandise |
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| radio frequency identification(RFID) |
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| technology that uses a tiny chip with identification information that can be read by a scanner using radio waves from a distance |
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| enterprise resource planning system (ERP) |
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| intergrated software system that consolidates data from among the firm's unit |
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| third part contract logistics firms |
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| specialize in handling logistical activities for their clients |
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| when the managers of indivdual physicall distribution functions attempt to minimize costs |
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| considered backbone of the transpotation industry provide transportation services as forhire carriers to the general public |
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| combination of transport modes such as rail and highway carriers air and highway carries and water and air carriers to improve customers service and achieve cost advantages |
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| materials handling system |
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| logistics managers arrange and control activties for moving products witin plants warehouse and transportation terminals |
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| combining several unitized loads |
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