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| Power of the courts to review acts of other branches of government |
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| Legislative act that established the basic three-tiered structure of the federal court system. |
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| Case in which the Supreme COurt fist asserted the power of judicial review by finding that the congressional statute extending the Court's original jurisdiction was unconstitutional. |
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| Court of original jurisdiction where cases begin |
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| Court that generally reviews only findings of law made by lower courts. |
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| Authority vested in a particular court to hear and decide the issues in at particular case. |
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| The jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. These courts determine the facts of the case. |
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| The power vested in particular courts to review and/or revise the decision of a lower court. |
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| Codes of behavior related to the protection of property and individual safety. |
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| Codes of behavior related to the conduct and relationship between individuals or groups. |
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| Federal courts specifically created by the U.S. Constitution or by Congress pursuant to its authority in Article III. |
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| Courts established by Congress for specialized purposes, such as the Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims. |
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| A document containing the legal written arguments in a case filed with a court by a party prior to the heating or trial. |
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| A prior judicial decision that serves as a rile for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature. |
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| In court rulings, a reliance on past decisions or precedents to formulate decisions in new cases. |
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| Process by which presidents generally defer selection of district court judges to the choice of senators of their own party who represent the state where the vacancy occurs. |
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| A request for the Supreme Court to order up the records from a lower court to review their case. |
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| At least four justices of the Supreme Court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard. |
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| The fourth-ranking member of the Department of Justice; responsible for handling nearly all appeals on behalf of the U.S. government to the Supreme Court. |
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| "friend of the court"; Amici may file briefs or even appear to argue their interests orally before the court |
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| A philosophy of judicial decision making that posits courts should allow the decisions of other branches of government to stand, even when they offend a judge's own principles. |
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| A philosophy of judicial decision making that posits judges should use their power broadly to further justice. |
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| An approach to the constitution interpretation that emphasizes interpreting the Constitution as it was written and intended by the Framers. |
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| How and whether judicial decisions are translated into actual public policies affecting more than the immediate parties to a lawsuit. |
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| How and whether judicial decisions are translated into actual public policies affecting more than the immediate parties to a lawsuit. |
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