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Chap 1-3 test
Flash cards for Music 1301 Chap. 1-3 test
53
Music
Undergraduate 2
02/18/2012

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Term
Notation
Definition
The representation of sounds and silence through symbols
Term
Rhythm
Definition
The element of time in music. Rythym is measured in beats or their fractional parts
Term
Beat
Definition
A steady and regular pulse that underlies the rhythmic structure of most traditional compositions
Term
Tempo
Definition
The speed of the beat
Term
Ritardando
Definition
Gradually slowing down the tempo
Term
Accelerando
Definition
Gradually incresaing the tempo
Term
NOte
Definition
The basic symbol for sound
Term
Musical line
Definition
1) The movement of several measures of music toward a goal.
2.) One of the lines of the staff.
Term
Phrase
Definition
A complete musical thought; the achievenment of a musical goal
Term
Whole Note
Definition
The largest single value in common use today, all other notes are a fractional value of this note
Term
Notehead
Definition
The oval part of a note that locates a pitch on the staff. A notehead can be open or solid
Term
Stem
Definition
A vertical line attached to a notehead to indicate durational value
Term
Flag
Definition
A curved line added to the stem of a note to indicate lesser value. Flags are equivalent to beams
Term
Beam
Definition
A thick horizontal or slanted line that connects two or more stemmed notes and indicates lesser rhythmic value. Beams are equivalent (and replace) flags
Term
Rest
Definition
Symbol used to notate a period of silence
Term
Hook
Definition
A symbol attached to the stem of a rest to indicate lesser value. Each hook has the same effect as a flag
Term
Measure
Definition
One complete metric pattern (also called a bar). Measures are divided by bar lines.
Term
Barline
Definition
A vertical line used to separate measures
Term
Double Barline
Definition
Two vertical lines that indicate the end of a composition or section
Term
Time Signature
Definition
A pair of numbers that identifies the value set as one beat and the number of those beats in a measure. The top number indicates the number of beats in a measure. The bottom number stands for a note value representing one beat
Term
Dot
Definition
A symbol added to anote or rest to increase its duration by one half
Term
Tie
Definition
A symbole that combines the rhythmic values of two or more notes of the same pitch
Term
Staff
Definition
A grid of five lines with four spaces used for the precise notation of music
Term
Staves
Definition
Plural of staff
Term
Basic Pitch
Definition
A pitch without an accidental, such as A B C D E F or G
Term
Clef
Definition
A symbol that designates the location of one pitch on the staff
Term
Register
Definition
The general low, middle, or high range of a set of pitches
Term
Treble Clef
Definition
The symbol that identifies the second line on the staff as the position of the pitch G. Also known as the "G" clef.
Term
Bass Clef
Definition
A symbol that identifies the fourth line on the staff as the position of the pitch F. Also known as the "F" clef.
Term
Ledger Line
Definition
A temporary extension of the staff above or below the customary five lines and four spaces
Term
Interval
Definition
The distance between two pitches
Term
Octave
Definition
The interval measuring eight diatonic degrees. The octave is the purest and most stable interval that forms the basis of practically all world musical systems. Pitches that appear in diefferent places on the staff but hav exactly the same letter name are one of more octaves apart.
Term
Ottava
Definition
(an Italian word meaning "eighth") Indicates a passage that employs the ovtave sign, instructing a performer to play a passage an octave above or below a written pitch
Term
Octave Sign (8va)
Definition
A symbol that indicates that the pitches sound an octave higher than notated
Term
Octave Sign (8vb)
Definition
A symbol that indicates that the pitches sound an octave lower than notated
Term
Loco
Definition
is used when music returns to the normal octave
Term
System
Definition
A set of two or more staves
Term
Brace
Definition
A symbol that connects two or more staves
Term
Grand Staff
Definition
A combination of one treble and on bass staff used for the notation of keyboard instruments
Term
Keyboard
Definition
Instruments like the piano and organ on which the performer has no direct contact with the vibrating string
Term
Half Step
Definition
The smallest interval in Western music. On the keyboard, a half step is found between any two adjacent keys
Term
Semitone
Definition
Another name for a half step
Term
Natural Half Step
Definition
Points on the keyboard where two white keys are adjacent; that is, between E and F and between B and C.
Term
Whole Step
Definition
An interval comprised of two half steps
Term
Basic Pitch
Definition
A pitch without an accidents such as A B C D E F or G.
Term
Accidental
Definition
A symbol, such as the sharp, flat, or natural sign that raises or lowers a basic pitch one or more half step
Term
Flat (b)
Definition
an accidental symbol that lowers basic pitch one half step
Term
Double Flat (bb)
Definition
An accidental symbol used to indicate a lowering by two half steps of a basic pitch
Term
Sharp (#)
Definition
An accidental symbol that raises the basic pitch a half step
Term
Double Sharp (X)
Definition
An accidental symbol that raises a basic pitch by two half steps
Term
Natural Sign
Definition
An accidental symbol that cancels the effect of a flat or sharp
Term
Enharmonic
Definition
A pitch or interval that sounds the same as one given, but is notated differently
Term
Octave Designation
Definition
A system of identifying pitches within a specific octave range
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