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Ch. 9 Controlling Microbial Growth
Ch 9
30
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
10/05/2012

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Term
Method of microbial growth control in which all microbes, including endospores are killed
Definition
Sterilization
Term
Method of microbial growth control done by either steam& pressure, sterilizing gas or incinerations
Definition
sterilization
Term
Method of microbial growth control by which vegetative pathogens are destroyed by either physical or chemical methods
Definition
disinfection
Term
Method of microbial growth control by which vegetative pathogens are removed from living tissue
Definition
antisepsis
Term
Method of microbial growth control always done with chemicals, such as alcohol, iodine
Definition
Antisepsis
Term
Method of microbial growth control by which germs are removed from a limited area and is done mostly mechanically
Definition
degermination
Term
hand washing and rubbing an alcohol pad on skin are both examples of
Definition
degermening
Term
Method of microbial growth control by which number of pathogens is reduced from publicly used equipment (eg utensils), to comply with regulations
Definition
sanitization
Term
Method of microbial growth control achieved by either high temperature treatment or dipping into a chemical
Definition
sanitization
Term
Method of microbial growth control by which sufficient heat is applied to kill clostidium botulinum in canned food
Definition
commercial sterilization
Term
3 types of microbes that are hardest to kill
Definition
1. bacterial endospores
2. mycobacteria
3. cysts of protozoas
Term
when would high-level germicides be used
Definition
in sterilizing invasive instruments
Term
how are intermediate level germicides different from high-level
Definition
intermediate don't kill endospores
Term
When are high-level germicides preferred?
Definition
when disinfecting non-invasive instruments
Term
when are low-level germicides used?
Definition
when killing bacteria that are in contact with skin
Term
What is decimal reduction time in canned food processing?
Definition
the time required to kill 90% of microbes in a sample
Term
What does BOILING not kill?
Definition
1. endospores
2. protozoan cysts
3. some viruses
Term
why doesnt boiling water have a sterilizing effect
Definition
the temperature of boiling stays the same
Term
What 3 types of physical germicide method provide TRUE STERILIZATION
Definition
autoclaving; ultra-high temp sterilization and dry heat
Term
AUTOCLAVING in numbers
Definition
121F x15x15
Term
Which was Pasteur's traditional germicide method?
Definition
batch sterilization method
Term
how does dessication stop germ growing?
Definition
it increases concentration of sugar in fruit; lack of water stops metabolism
Term
When is filtration used as a germ control method?
Definition
when dealing with heat-sensitive media (liquid medications)
Term
what filtration technology is used to work with mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Definition
HEPA
Term
Which microbe is not affected when placed in hypertonic solution?
Definition
fungi
Term
which type of radiation can sterilize?
Definition
ionizing radiation
Term
Two types of rays that are part of ionizing radiation
Definition
gamma rays, X rays
Term
this method is used to sterilize spices, meats, microbio plastic
Definition
ionizing radiation
Term
what types of energy are used in non-ionizing radiation?
Definition
UV light; microwaves
Term
antibiotic derived agents used for food preservation
Definition
1. nisin
2. natamycin
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