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| The wasy in which information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowning |
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| A scientific field that focuses on creating machines capable of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done by people. |
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| The mental process of manipulating information mentally by forming concepts, solving problems making decisions, and reflecting critically or creatively |
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| A mental catergorey that isu used to group objects, events, and characteristics. |
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| A model emphasizing that when people evalu8ate whether a given item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most typical items in the catergory and look for a family resmebblance with that items propreties |
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| The mental process of finding an appropriate way to attain a goal when the goal is not reaily availbale |
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| Intermediate goals or intermediate problems the put us in a better postion for reaching the final goal or solution |
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| Strategies-inculding formulas, insturctions, and the testing of all possible solution- that guarantee a soulution to a problem |
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| Shortcut strategies or guidelines that suggest a solution to a problem but do not guarantee an answer. |
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| Using a prior stragey and failing to look at a problem from a fresh new prespective |
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| Failing to solve a problem as result of fixation on a thingls usual functions. |
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| The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusions |
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| Reasoning from specific observations to make generalizations |
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| Reasoning from a general case that is known to be true to a specific instance |
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| The mental activity of evaluating alternatives and choosing among them |
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| The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them. |
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| The tendency to report falsely, after the fact that wew accurately predicted an outcome. |
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| A prediction about the probablity of an event based on the ease of recalling or imagining similar events. |
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| The tendency to ignore in formation about general principles in favor of very specific but vivid information |
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| Representativeness Heuristics |
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| The tendency to make judgements about group membership based on physcial apperances or the match between a person and one's sterotype of a group rather than on available base rate information |
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| The state of being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities |
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| The state of being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities |
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| The state of being recpetive to tother ways of looking at things |
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| The ability to think about something in novel and unsual ways and to devise unconventional solutions to problems |
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| Thinking that produces many solutions to the same problem |
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| Thinkning that produces the single best solution to a problem |
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| All-purpose ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problem, and to learn from experince |
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| The extent to whcih a test meausre swhat it is inteneded to measure |
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| The extent to which a test yieldes a consistent, repoducible meausre of performance |
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| The development of uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test, and the creation of norms (performing standards) for the test. |
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| An individual's leel of mental development relative to that of others |
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| An individual's mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100. |
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| A symmetrical, bell shaped curve, with a majority of the scores falling in the middle of the possible range and few scores appearing toward the extremes of the range |
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| Intelligence tests that are intended to be culturally unbiased |
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| The proportion of observable differences in a group that can be explained by differences in the genes of the group's members |
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| Possesing high inteligence (an IQ score of at least 130) and/or superior talent in a paticular area |
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| A condition of limited mental ability in which and indvidual has a low IQ, usually below 70 on a traditional intelligence test, and has difficulty adapting to everyday life. |
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| Triarchic Theory of Intelligence |
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| Sternber's theory that intelligence comes in three forms: analytical, creative, and practical |
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| A form of communiation-whethet spoken, written, or signed- that is based on a system or symbols |
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| The ability of language to produce and endless number of meaningful sentences |
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| A language's sound system |
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| A language's rules for formation |
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| A language's rules for combining words to form acceptable phrase and sentence |
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| The meaning of words and sentences in a paticular language |
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| The useful character of language and the ability of language to communicate even more meaning than is said. |
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| Individuals' interpretation of the events in their lives as harmful, threatening,l or challenging and their determination of wehter they have resources to cope effectively with the events. |
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| Manging taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve life's problems, and seeking to master or reduce stress |
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| Regulating one's feelings about an experience or thinking about it in a different way or form a different angle |
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